Romans 11:32
For God has consigned all to disobedience, that he may have mercy on all.
English Standard Version (ESV)
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Romans 11:32
For God has consigned all to disobedience, that he may have mercy on all.
English Standard Version (ESV)
This page isn't yet indexed by search engines.
The verse highlights that God "concluded" everyone in disobedience, which means He shut them up together under its reality, not that He forced them into it. This universal predicament, affecting both Jews and Gentiles, sets the stage for His mercy, emphasizing that salvation is entirely undeserved and comes from His sovereign grace alone for all who will believe.
{ "references": [ { "reference": "Galatians 3:22", "connection": "This passage echoes the idea of being 'shut up' under sin, showing that Scripture itself declares all humanity, both Jew and Gentile, to be under the power of disobedience before God's mercy intervenes." }, { "reference": "Romans 3:9", "connection": "This verse directly states that Jews and Gentiles are 'all under sin,' which is the very condition God uses in Romans 11:32 to frame His act of mercy." }, { "reference": "Ephesians 2:1-3", "connection": "This passage describes the Gentile condition as being 'dead in trespasses and sins' and 'children of wrath,' illustrating the 'disobedience' and the state from which God offers mercy." }, { "reference": "Luke 5:6", "connection": "The word used for 'concluded' (shut up) is also used here to describe a net so full of fish that it could not be drawn up, emphasizing the overwhelming and inescapable nature of the situation God addresses with His mercy." }, { "reference": "Romans 11:29", "connection": "This verse speaks of God's 'gifts and calling' being irrevocable, providing the assurance that despite the universal consignment to disobedience, God's ultimate purpose is mercy, echoing the certainty within Romans 11:32." } ] }
Understand the original words
synkleiō · Greek Verb
To shut up or lock away; in a theological sense, it refers to God legally binding humanity under the state of sin so that no one can boast of self-attainment, necessitating grace.
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The destruction of the Jerusalem Temple in AD 70 marked a dramatic turning point, solidifying the separation between Judaism and Christianity and underscoring Paul's argument that God's mercy now extends universally, not limited to one people.
c. 4 BC
Death of Herod the Great
The death of Herod the Great led to the division of his kingdom among his sons, creating political instability in Judea and the surrounding regions.
AD 6
Judea becomes a Roman Province
Following the deposition of Herod Archelaus, Judea was directly incorporated into the Roman Empire, increasing Roman presence and control.
c. AD 25-30
Jesus' Ministry and Crucifixion
The public ministry, death, and resurrection of Jesus Christ, the central figure of the Christian faith, occurred during this period.
c. AD 30-36
Early Church Expansion
Following Pentecost, the Gospel began to spread rapidly, initially among Jews in Jerusalem and Judea, then extending to Gentiles.
c. AD 40s-50s
Paul's Missionary Journeys
The Apostle Paul undertook extensive missionary journeys, establishing churches among both Jewish and Gentile communities throughout the Roman Empire.
c. AD 62-66
Jewish-Roman Tensions Escalate
Growing unrest and conflict between Jewish factions and Roman authorities set the stage for the eventual destruction of Jerusalem.
AD 70— this verse
Destruction of Jerusalem and the Temple
The Roman legions under Titus besieged and destroyed Jerusalem and its Temple, a cataclysmic event that profoundly impacted Jewish life and the early Christian movement.
This verse echoes the concept of God 'shutting up' all under disobedience, similar to how Paul states 'the Scripture has shut up everyone under sin' to reveal our universal need for God's promise through faith.
Romans 3:9This passage directly supports the idea that 'all' (both Jews and Gentiles) are under the power of sin, setting the stage for God's mercy to be the sole means of salvation for everyone.
Ephesians 2:1-3This passage illustrates the state of disobedience described in Romans 11:32, showing how people naturally live according to the desires of the flesh and mind before experiencing God's mercy.
John 12:32Jesus' statement about being lifted up to draw all people to himself parallels the comprehensive mercy promised in Romans 11:32, suggesting a universal scope to God's redemptive plan.
barnesRomans 11:32: "For God hath concluded them all in unbelief, that he might have mercy upon all."
For God hath concluded ... - The word translated here "concluded" sunekleise, is rendered in the margin "shut them all up together." It is properly used in reference to those who are shut up in prison, or to those in a city who are shut up by a besieging army; 1 Macc. 5:5; 6:18; 11:65; 15:25; Joshua 6:6 ; Isaiah 45:1 . It is used in the New Testament of fish taken in a net; Luke 5:6 , "They enclosed…
bengelRomans 11:32: "For God hath concluded them all in unbelief, that he might have mercy upon all."
Romans 11:32 . Συνέκλεισε , hath concluded together ), Jews and Gentiles, comp. Galatians 3:22 , note. The phraseology of the LXX. Int., Psalm 78:50 , is εἰς θάνατον συνέκλεισε , He shut up to death, he gave over .— εἰς ἀπείθειαν , in [ unto ] disbelief ) Ephesians 2:2 . Those who have experienced the power of disbelief , at length betake themselves with the greater sincerity and simplicity to faith.…
The verse highlights that God "concluded" everyone in disobedience, which means He shut them up together under its reality, not that He forced them into it. This universal predicament, affecting both Jews and Gentiles, sets the stage for His mercy, emphasizing that salvation is entirely undeserved and comes from His sovereign grace alone for all who will believe.
{ "references": [ { "reference": "Galatians 3:22", "connection": "This passage echoes the idea of being 'shut up' under sin, showing that Scripture itself declares all humanity, both Jew and Gentile, to be under the power of disobedience before God's mercy intervenes." }, { "reference": "Romans 3:9", "connection": "This verse directly states that Jews and Gentiles are 'all under sin,' which is the very condition God uses in Romans 11:32 to frame His act of mercy." }, { "reference": "Ephesians 2:1-3", "connection": "This passage describes the Gentile condition as being 'dead in trespasses and sins' and 'children of wrath,' illustrating the 'disobedience' and the state from which God offers mercy." }, { "reference": "Luke 5:6", "connection": "The word used for 'concluded' (shut up) is also used here to describe a net so full of fish that it could not be drawn up, emphasizing the overwhelming and inescapable nature of the situation God addresses with His mercy." }, { "reference": "Romans 11:29", "connection": "This verse speaks of God's 'gifts and calling' being irrevocable, providing the assurance that despite the universal consignment to disobedience, God's ultimate purpose is mercy, echoing the certainty within Romans 11:32." } ] }
{ "references": [ { "reference": "Galatians 3:22", "connection": "This passage echoes the idea of being 'shut up' under sin, showing that Scripture itself declares all humanity, both Jew and Gentile, to be under the power of disobedience before God's mercy intervenes." }, { "reference": "Romans 3:9", "connection": "This verse directly states that Jews and Gentiles are 'all under sin,' which is the very condition God uses in Romans 11:32 to frame His act of mercy." }, { "reference": "Ephesians 2:1-3", "connection": "This passage describes the Gentile condition as being 'dead in trespasses and sins' and 'children of wrath,' illustrating the 'disobedience' and the state from which God offers mercy." }, { "reference": "Luke 5:6", "connection": "The word used for 'concluded' (shut up) is also used here to describe a net so full of fish that it could not be drawn up, emphasizing the overwhelming and inescapable nature of the situation God addresses with His mercy." }, { "reference": "Romans 11:29", "connection": "This verse speaks of God's 'gifts and calling' being irrevocable, providing the assurance that despite the universal consignment to disobedience, God's ultimate purpose is mercy, echoing the certainty within Romans 11:32." } ] }
"For God has consigned all to disobedience, that he may have mercy on all." — The verse highlights that God "concluded" everyone in disobedience, which means He shut them up together under its reality, not that He forced them into it. This universal predicament, affecting bo…
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