Matthew 23:35
so that on you may come all the righteous blood shed on earth, from the blood of righteous Abel to the blood of Zechariah the son of Barachiah, whom you murdered between the sanctuary and the altar.
English Standard Version (ESV)
Matthew 23:35
so that on you may come all the righteous blood shed on earth, from the blood of righteous Abel to the blood of Zechariah the son of Barachiah, whom you murdered between the sanctuary and the altar.
English Standard Version (ESV)
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Jesus dramatically extends the scope of this accusation beyond just the immediate audience. By referencing Abel, the very first martyr, and Zechariah, he's making the scribes and Pharisees responsible for all the innocent blood shed from the beginning of history, highlighting their generation's culminating guilt. This isn't just about historical figures; it's a profound statement on how the present generation inherits and perpetuates the sins of the past.
Jesus is in Jerusalem, pronouncing judgment upon the scribes and Pharisees for their hypocrisy and their history of rejecting God's messengers. He declares that the accumulated guilt of all the righteous blood shed from the beginning of time will fall upon this generation, specifically referencing the murder of Abel and the prophet Zechariah. This condemnation sets the stage for Jesus' lament over Jerusalem and his prophecy of its destruction.
Jesus paints a stark picture of history's bloodiest moments. Why does he start with Abel and end with Zechariah?
Jesus doesn't just point fingers at a single act of violence. He connects the dots across centuries.
From First to Last
By linking these two, Jesus shows that this isn't a new problem for the religious leaders. It's a pattern, a 'chain of violence' passed down through generations. They are not just guilty of their own sins, but of continuing and embodying the sin of their ancestors.
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Zechariah was murdered 'between the sanctuary and the altar.' What makes this location so significant?
The place where Zechariah was killed was profoundly sacred. It was in the inner court of the Temple, near the altar of burnt offerings.
The Heart of Worship Profaned
To commit murder in this place was an unthinkable act of defiance against God Himself. It wasn't just a crime against a person; it was a desecration of the holiest ground. Jesus uses this detail to show the extreme wickedness and audacity of those who claimed to be God's people.
Jesus says the blood will 'come upon you.' What does this mean for the generation he's speaking to?
Jesus' words are a powerful declaration of coming judgment. He's not just recounting past sins; he's announcing that the accumulated guilt of centuries of violence is about to fall on the current generation.
The Cup of Iniquity Filled
Jesus is warning them that their nation's rebellion has reached a breaking point, and a severe reckoning is unavoidable.
Understand the original words
dikaiou · Greek Adjective
One who lives in conformity to God’s will, justified by faith, and whose life bears the fruit of divine truth.
naou · Greek Noun
The innermost part of the temple, the holy place representing the dwelling of God’s presence among His people.
thysiastēriou · Greek Noun
The place of sacrifice where atonement is made; symbolically, it represents the meeting point between a holy God and sinful humanity.
Jesus' words in Matthew 23:35, linking the murder of Abel to Zechariah, serve as a powerful indictment of Jerusalem. By invoking the very first and a prominent later instance of righteous blood being shed within or near the holy Temple, Jesus holds the current generation accountable for all the innocent blood shed throughout Israel's history, predicting that the full weight of this judgment would fall upon them.
c. 1400 BC
Murder of Abel
The first recorded murder in human history, where Cain killed his brother Abel. This event sets the precedent for shedding innocent blood.
c. 8th century BC
Murder of Zechariah son of Jehoiada
A prophet named Zechariah, son of Jehoiada, was stoned to death in the temple courtyard for confronting the people's disobedience. He is believed to be the Zechariah Jesus refers to, despite the differing father's name in Matthew's account.
c. 1st century AD— this verse
Jesus' Final Confrontation in Jerusalem
Jesus delivers a series of 'woes' against the scribes and Pharisees in Jerusalem, condemning their hypocrisy and foretelling the city's destruction.
AD 70
Destruction of Jerusalem and the Temple
Roman armies under Titus besieged and destroyed Jerusalem, burning the Second Temple. This event fulfilled Jesus' prophecy of desolation.
This passage marks the very first instance of righteous blood being shed, as Cain murders his brother Abel, setting a tragic precedent for future violence that Jesus alludes to.
2 Chronicles 24:20-22This is the likely historical event Jesus is referencing, where the prophet Zechariah, son of Jehoiada, is stoned to death in the temple courts for speaking God's word. The detail of being killed between the temple and the altar is echoed in Jesus' words.
Luke 11:50-51This parallel passage in Luke's Gospel also records Jesus speaking of prophetic bloodguilt, explicitly stating that 'the blood of all the prophets, from the blood of Abel to that of Zechariah' will be required of this generation, reinforcing the sweeping indictment.
Matthew 27:25Following Jesus' crucifixion, the Jewish leaders utter the chilling phrase, 'His blood be on us and on our children!' This echoes the sentiment in Matthew 23, showing the generation taking on the responsibility for the bloodguilt Jesus predicts.
Jeremiah 7:29-34Jesus' condemnation of Jerusalem for its violent history against prophets finds a parallel in Jeremiah's prophecy where God laments the bloodshed in His holy city and its impending judgment, highlighting a consistent pattern of rejection and violence.
vincentMatthew 23:35: "That upon you may come all the righteous blood shed upon the earth, from the blood of righteous Abel unto the blood of Zacharias son of Barachias, whom ye slew between the temple and the altar."
Temple (ναοῦ)Rev., rightly, sanctuary. See on Matthew 4:5. Zechariah was slain between the temple proper and the altar of burnt-offering, in the priests' court.
calvinMatthew 23:29-39: "Woe unto you, scribes and Pharisees, hypocrites! because ye build the tombs of the prophets, and garnish the sepulchres of the righteous,"
- Woe to you scribes and Pharisees, hypocrites! for you build the sepulchers of the prophets and embellish the monuments of the righteous, 30. And say, If we had been in the days of our fathers, we would not have been their associates in the blood of the prophets. 31. Thus you testify against yourselves, that you are the children of thos…
Jesus dramatically extends the scope of this accusation beyond just the immediate audience. By referencing Abel, the very first martyr, and Zechariah, he's making the scribes and Pharisees responsible for all the innocent blood shed from the beginning of history, highlighting their generation's culminating guilt. This isn't just about historical figures; it's a profound statement on how the present generation inherits and perpetuates the sins of the past.
Jesus is in Jerusalem, pronouncing judgment upon the scribes and Pharisees for their hypocrisy and their history of rejecting God's messengers. He declares that the accumulated guilt of all the righteous blood shed from the beginning of time will fall upon this generation, specifically referencing the murder of Abel and the prophet Zechariah. This condemnation sets the stage for Jesus' lament over Jerusalem and his prophecy of its destruction.
Jesus is in Jerusalem, pronouncing judgment upon the scribes and Pharisees for their hypocrisy and their history of rejecting God's messengers. He declares that the accumulated guilt of all the righteous blood shed from the beginning of time will fall upon this generation, specifically referencing the murder of Abel and the prophet Zechariah. This condemnation sets the stage for Jesus' lament over Jerusalem and his prophecy of its destruction.
"so that on you may come all the righteous blood shed on earth, from the blood of righteous Abel to the blood of Zechariah the son of Barachiah, whom you murdered between the sanctuary and the altar." — Jesus dramatically extends the scope of this accusation beyond just the immediate audience. By referencing Abel, the very first martyr, and Zechariah, he's making the scribes and Pharisees responsibl…
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