Sabbathשַׁבָּת
shabbath · Hebrew Noun
The seventh day of the week, set apart by God in the Decalogue as a day of rest and holy convocation, commemorating God’s creation and deliverance from Egypt. It serves as a sign of the covenant between God and His people, signifying trust in His provision rather than human effort.
PhariseesΦαρισαῖοι
Pharisaioi · Greek Noun
A religious-political group in Second Temple Judaism known for their strict adherence to the oral traditions and the Mosaic Law. They often emphasized outward legalistic observance, frequently prioritizing human traditions over the heart of God’s moral requirements.
lawfulἔξεστιν
exestin · Greek Adjective/Verb
A state of being in accordance with the divinely revealed Law of Moses. In a biblical context, it refers to conformity to God's standard of righteousness as expressed in His revealed commands.
Lawתּוֹרָה
torah · Hebrew Noun
The divinely inspired scriptures of the Old Testament, specifically the Pentateuch, given by God to Israel through Moses. It functions as the moral, civil, and ritual guide for the people of God to live in covenant relationship with Him.
bread of the Presenceפָּנִים לֶחֶם
lechem panim · Hebrew Noun phrase
The loaves of bread placed on the golden table in the Holy Place of the Tabernacle/Temple, representing the presence of God among the twelve tribes of Israel. They served as a constant memorial and an offering of gratitude to the Lord.
priestsכֹּהֵן
kohen · Hebrew Noun
Men set apart by divine appointment to serve in the Tabernacle or Temple, responsible for offering sacrifices and maintaining the purity of worship. They acted as mediators between the holy God and the people of Israel.
profaneβεβηλόω
bebēloō · Greek Verb
To treat something sacred as common or secular, often implying a violation of holiness. In the context of the Temple, it refers to performing necessary ritual tasks that might otherwise appear to violate the rest of the Sabbath.
guiltlessἀναίτιος
anaitios · Greek Adjective
Being free from moral or legal liability; having no sin imputed regarding a specific action or state. It signifies a status of innocence before God’s law.
templeἱερόν
hieron · Greek Noun
The sacred place where God's presence dwelt among His people Israel; a symbol of God's dwelling and the center of sacrificial worship.
mercyἔλεος
eleos · Greek Noun
Refers to compassion, loving-kindness, or loyal covenant love (often associated with the Hebrew 'hesed'); it signifies active care for the needy and suffering as an expression of true devotion to God.
sacrificeθυσία
thusia · Greek Noun
Religious rituals or offerings performed under the Law of Moses; when contrasted with mercy, it refers to external observance performed without the heart or moral obedience required by God.
condemnedκαταδικάζω
katadizakō · Greek Verb
To declare or judge someone as legally or morally responsible for a transgression; to pronounce an adverse sentence.
guiltlessἀναίτιος
anaitios · Greek Adjective
State of being free from blame or legal liability; one who has committed no offense and is therefore innocent.
Son of Manυἱὸς τοῦ ἀνθρώπου
huios tou anthrōpou · Greek Noun phrase
A Messianic title used by Jesus, drawn from Daniel 7:13-14, emphasizing His authority as the representative of humanity and the coming Judge and King.
Sabbathσάββατον
sabbaton · Greek Noun
The seventh day of the week, set apart by God for rest and worship; it commemorates God’s creation and deliverance, and serves as a sign of the covenant between God and His people.
synagogueσυναγωγή
sunagōgē · Greek Noun
The primary place of gathering for Jewish communities to read, study, and teach the Torah; it became the central venue for local instruction and public worship in the Second Temple period.
witheredξηρός
xēros · Greek Adjective
An adjective describing a condition of drying up or atrophy, often used biblically to denote a physical disability that prevents normal function.
lawfulἔξεστιν
exestin · Greek Verb
Refers to that which is permitted or allowed according to the divine Law of God (Torah).
accuseκατηγορέω
katēgoreō · Greek Verb
To bring a formal charge or to find fault with someone, often with the intention of trapping them or causing their downfall.
Sabbathσάββατον
sabbaton · Greek Noun
The seventh day of the week, set apart by God in the Decalogue as a day of rest and holiness. In this context, Jesus challenges the legalistic, restrictive interpretations held by the Pharisees, emphasizing that acts of mercy and necessity do not violate its intended purpose.
valueδιαφέρω
diapherō · Greek Verb
In this context, referring to the inherent worth and dignity of human life created in the image of God, which far exceeds the value of animal life or adherence to ceremonial traditions.
goodἀγαθός
agathos · Greek Adjective
Moral and righteous action that aligns with God's will; here, Jesus asserts that relieving suffering is inherently 'good' and therefore fully consistent with the law's true intent.
restoredἀποκαθίστημι
apokathistēmi · Greek Verb
To be made sound, whole, or complete again; a common term in the Gospels for the miraculous healing and renewal of broken physical or spiritual faculties by Jesus.
PhariseesΦαρισαῖος
Pharisaios · Greek Noun
A religious group characterized by strict adherence to both the written Law and the oral traditions of the elders. They are often portrayed as legalistic opponents of Jesus, prioritizing ritual purity over mercy and love.
conspiredσυμβούλιον ποιέω
sumboulion poiēō · Greek Verb Phrase
To take counsel or plot together, often with malicious intent. In this context, it signifies the hardened opposition against Jesus' messianic authority and his challenge to their religious status quo.
destroyἀπόλλυμι
apollumi · Greek Verb
To ruin, kill, or bring to nothing. Here, it reflects the extreme hostility of the Pharisees who, rather than acknowledging the divine power in Jesus' healings, sought to put Him to death.
