The names of the twelve apostles are these: first, Simon, who is called Peter, and Andrew his brother; James the son of Zebedee, and John his brother;
English Standard Version (ESV)
While Matthew lists the apostles, the emphasis on "first" for Simon Peter isn't just about his name appearing at the top. It highlights his recognized leadership and that he was the first called to be a full-time follower, setting a precedent for how the group would function under Christ.
The names of the twelve apostles are these: first, Simon, who is called Peter, and Andrew his brother; James the son of Zebedee, and John his brother;
English Standard Version (ESV)
Jesus is about to send out his twelve closest followers on a special mission to preach the kingdom and heal the sick. Before detailing the instructions and warnings for this crucial task, Matthew lists the names of these men, highlighting Peter, James, and John as the first group called. This list establishes the core team Jesus is empowering and sending forth.
Jesus didn't just gather followers; He officially appointed a select group with a specific mission. What's the difference between a 'disciple' and an 'apostle'?
Matthew 10:1-2 marks a significant shift. Jesus first 'called to him his twelve disciples' (Matthew 10:1), but then the text explicitly names 'the twelve apostles' (Matthew 10:2). The original Greek word for 'apostle' literally means 'one who is sent forth.'
Simon's name is changed to Peter. What does this name reveal about Jesus' intentions for him and the foundation of His church?
Jesus gives Simon a new name: Peter. The original language means 'rock' or 'stone.' This isn't just a nickname; it's a profound declaration of purpose.
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Notice how the names are presented in pairs, often with brothers linked together. What does this tell us about Jesus's method?
Matthew 10:2 presents the first two pairs of apostles, highlighting family connections: Peter and Andrew, James and John.
Understand the original words
apostolos · Greek Noun
One who is sent out with a specific mission or commission; in the New Testament, it signifies those officially appointed by Jesus as his primary representatives and ambassadors.
The specific naming of the twelve apostles in Matthew 10 wasn't just a list; it was a formal appointment of a core leadership team, signaling a new phase in Jesus' mission to establish his kingdom and extend its reach.
c. AD 27-30
Jesus Calls His First Disciples
Jesus begins his public ministry, calling individuals like Andrew and Simon Peter, as well as James and John, to follow him. This initial calling marks the beginning of their discipleship.
c. AD 27-30— this verse
Jesus Appoints the Twelve Apostles
Jesus formally chooses twelve men from his followers to be his apostles, granting them authority to preach and cast out demons. This selection is a pivotal moment, establishing the core leadership of his movement.
c. AD 30-33
The Ministry of the Twelve
The twelve apostles actively participate in Jesus' ministry, traveling with him, learning from his teachings, and being sent out to preach and heal. This period solidifies their roles and prepares them for future leadership.
c. AD 30
The Betrayal and Crucifixion
Judas Iscariot, one of the twelve, betrays Jesus, leading to his arrest, trial, and crucifixion. This event profoundly impacts the remaining apostles.
c. AD 30
The Resurrection and Appearances
Jesus is resurrected from the dead and appears to his disciples, including many of the apostles. This confirms their faith and empowers them for their mission.
c. AD 33
The Day of Pentecost
The Holy Spirit descends upon the apostles in Jerusalem, empowering them to preach the Gospel boldly and effectively. This marks the birth of the Christian Church.
c. AD 44
Martyrdom of James
James, the son of Zebedee and one of the original twelve apostles, is martyred by King Herod Agrippa I. This event highlights the dangers faced by early Christian leaders.
This passage in Mark parallels Matthew 10:2 by also listing the names of the twelve apostles, offering a slightly different ordering and some additional details about their selection.
Luke 6:13Similar to Matthew 10:2, Luke's Gospel provides a list of the twelve apostles, highlighting the consistent tradition of their names and calling within the early church.
Acts 1:13This passage lists the apostles after Jesus' ascension, showing the continuity of the group and their continued presence as a foundational element of the early church.
John 1:40-42This passage describes the initial calling of Andrew and Simon Peter, providing context for why Peter is listed first among the apostles in Matthew 10:2.
vincentMatthew 10:2: "Now the names of the twelve apostles are these; The first, Simon, who is called Peter, and Andrew his brother; James the son of Zebedee, and John his brother;"
Apostles (ἀποστόλων)Compare disciples, Matthew 10:1. Apostles is the official term, used here for the first time. They were merely learners (disciples, μαθηταὶ) until Christ gave them authority. From ἀποστέλλω, to send away. An apostle is one sent forth. Compare John 13:16 and Rev., one that is sent. Cremer ("Biblico-…
barnesMatthew 10:2: "Now the names of the twelve apostles are these; The first, Simon, who is called Peter, and Andrew his brother; James the son of Zebedee, and John his brother;"
Now the names of the twelve apostles - The account of their being called is more fully given in Mark 3:13-18 , and Luke 6:12-19 . Each of those evangelists has recorded the circumstances of their appointment. They agree in saying it was done on a mountain; and, according to Luke, it was done before the sermon on the mount…
While Matthew lists the apostles, the emphasis on "first" for Simon Peter isn't just about his name appearing at the top. It highlights his recognized leadership and that he was the first called to be a full-time follower, setting a precedent for how the group would function under Christ.
Jesus is about to send out his twelve closest followers on a special mission to preach the kingdom and heal the sick. Before detailing the instructions and warnings for this crucial task, Matthew lists the names of these men, highlighting Peter, James, and John as the first group called. This list establishes the core team Jesus is empowering and sending forth.
Jesus is about to send out his twelve closest followers on a special mission to preach the kingdom and heal the sick. Before detailing the instructions and warnings for this crucial task, Matthew lists the names of these men, highlighting Peter, James, and John as the first group called. This list establishes the core team Jesus is empowering and sending forth.
"The names of the twelve apostles are these: first, Simon, who is called Peter, and Andrew his brother; James the son of Zebedee, and John his brother;" — While Matthew lists the apostles, the emphasis on "first" for Simon Peter isn't just about his name appearing at the top. It highlights his recognized leadership and that he was the first called to…
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Last reviewed October 2026