Acts 2:1-2
When the day of Pentecost arrived, they were all together in one place. And suddenly there came from heaven a sound like a mighty rushing wind, and it filled the entire house where they were sitting.
English Standard Version (ESV)
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The phrase "fully come" (or "was being fulfilled") suggests the day wasn't just arriving, but that the period leading up to it was being completed, like a measure being filled. This emphasizes that the outpouring of the Spirit was the perfect culmination of a divinely appointed time. This timing was crucial for maximizing the impact, as Pentecost gathered Jews from all over, making the miraculous speaking in tongues incredibly significant for spreading the gospel far and wide.
{ "references": [ { "reference": "Leviticus 23:15-16", "connection": "This passage describes the timing and observance of the Feast of Weeks, also known as Pentecost, establishing the context for why this specific day was significant." }, { "reference": "Joel 2:28-29", "connection": "This prophecy foretells the outpouring of God's Spirit upon all people, which Peter directly connects to the events of Pentecost in his sermon, showing its fulfillment." }, { "reference": "John 14:26", "connection": "Jesus promised that the Holy Spirit would come to teach and remind the disciples of all that He had said, directly relating to the Spirit's empowering work that began on Pentecost." }, { "reference": "Acts 1:15", "connection": "This verse mentions the gathering of about 120 people, providing the context for the larger group present with the apostles when the Holy Spirit descended." }, { "reference": "Exodus 19:16-18", "connection": "The Old Testament account of God's law being given at Mount Sinai, accompanied by thunder and fire, provides a significant parallel to the dramatic and powerful way the Holy Spirit was given at Pentecost, marking a new covenant." } ] }
Pentecost wasn't just another day on the calendar. It was a feast loaded with history and divine purpose.
The day of Pentecost, also known as the Feast of Weeks or the Feast of Harvest, held deep significance for Jewish people. It was celebrated 50 days after Passover and marked the completion of the wheat harvest, a time to thank God for His provision.
But it had another layer of meaning: it commemorated the giving of the Law at Mount Sinai. This feast, with its ties to both harvest and divine law, became the perfect backdrop for the outpouring of the Holy Spirit. It symbolized the transition from the old covenant, marked by written law, to the new covenant, written on believers' hearts by the Spirit.
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The disciples weren't scattered or isolated; they were united in a specific place, ready for what God was about to do.
The verse emphasizes two key aspects of the disciples' gathering: 'all together' and 'in one place.' This wasn't a coincidence.
This unity and focused presence were essential prerequisites for receiving the promised power of the Holy Spirit. It shows that God often works through a gathered, unified community.
Understand the original words
pentēkostē · Greek Noun
A Jewish festival (Shavuot) occurring fifty days after Passover, celebrating the wheat harvest and later associated with the giving of the Law at Sinai; in the New Testament, it marks the descent of the Holy Spirit.
ouranos · Greek Noun
A word used in the Bible to describe the invisible, spiritual realm where God dwells and from which He exerts His sovereign authority over creation.
pnoē · Greek Noun
A term often associated with the presence, breath, or power of God, representing the invisible force of the Holy Spirit moving or acting in the world.
The timing of the Holy Spirit's outpouring on Pentecost was divinely appointed, leveraging the feast's significance as a harvest festival and a commemoration of the Law's giving, to inaugurate the Church and the New Covenant.
c. 1446 BC
Giving of the Law at Sinai
God gives the Ten Commandments and the Law to Moses and the Israelites on Mount Sinai, an event later commemorated by the Feast of Pentecost.
c. 1400 BC - 40 BC
Pentecost as Harvest Festival
The Feast of Pentecost, also known as the Feast of Weeks or Feast of Harvest, is celebrated as a thanksgiving for the wheat harvest.
c. 30 AD
The Crucifixion and Resurrection of Jesus
Jesus is crucified during Passover and resurrected three days later, marking the beginning of the New Covenant and the 'firstfruits' of humanity.
c. AD 30— this verse
The Day of Pentecost
The Holy Spirit descends upon Jesus' followers in Jerusalem, empowering them to speak in other languages and initiating the Church.
c. AD 44
Paul's Missionary Journeys Begin
The Apostle Paul embarks on his missionary journeys, often timed to coincide with the Feast of Pentecost, to spread the Gospel to Gentile nations.
This passage describes God's powerful, awe-inspiring arrival on Mount Sinai to give the Law, mirroring the dramatic, powerful arrival of the Holy Spirit on Pentecost to inaugurate the New Covenant.
Leviticus 23:15-20This Levitical passage details the Feast of Weeks (Pentecost) as a harvest festival, foreshadowing the ingathering of souls into the Church by the Holy Spirit.
Jeremiah 31:33This prophecy speaks of God writing His law on His people's hearts, a promise fulfilled by the indwelling Holy Spirit at Pentecost, transforming God's people from within.
Joel 2:28-29This prophecy directly foretells the outpouring of God's Spirit on all flesh, which Peter explicitly connects to the events of Pentecost in his sermon.
John 14:26Jesus promised His disciples that the Holy Spirit would come and teach them all things, a promise fulfilled as the Spirit empowered them to speak in new tongues at Pentecost.
barnesActs 2:1: "And when the day of Pentecost was fully come, they were all with one accord in one place."
And when the day of Pentecost - The word "Pentecost" is a Greek word signifying the 50th part of a thing, or the 50th in order. Among the Jews it was a applied to one of their three great feasts which began on the 50th day after the Passover. This feast was reckoned from the 16th day of the month Abib, or April, or the second day of the Passover. The paschal lamb was slain on the 14th of the mo…
vincentActs 2:1: "And when the day of Pentecost was fully come, they were all with one accord in one place."
Was fully come (συμπληροῦσθαι)Used by Luke only. See on Luke 9:51. Lit., as Rev., margin, was being fulfilled. The day, according to the Hebrew mode, is conceived as a measure to be filled up. So long as the day had not yet arrived, the measure was not full. The words denote in process of fulfilment.PentecostMeaning fiftieth; because occurring on the fiftieth day, calculated from the second da…
The phrase "fully come" (or "was being fulfilled") suggests the day wasn't just arriving, but that the period leading up to it was being completed, like a measure being filled. This emphasizes that the outpouring of the Spirit was the perfect culmination of a divinely appointed time. This timing was crucial for maximizing the impact, as Pentecost gathered Jews from all over, making the miraculous speaking in tongues incredibly significant for spreading the gospel far and wide.
{ "references": [ { "reference": "Leviticus 23:15-16", "connection": "This passage describes the timing and observance of the Feast of Weeks, also known as Pentecost, establishing the context for why this specific day was significant." }, { "reference": "Joel 2:28-29", "connection": "This prophecy foretells the outpouring of God's Spirit upon all people, which Peter directly connects to the events of Pentecost in his sermon, showing its fulfillment." }, { "reference": "John 14:26", "connection": "Jesus promised that the Holy Spirit would come to teach and remind the disciples of all that He had said, directly relating to the Spirit's empowering work that began on Pentecost." }, { "reference": "Acts 1:15", "connection": "This verse mentions the gathering of about 120 people, providing the context for the larger group present with the apostles when the Holy Spirit descended." }, { "reference": "Exodus 19:16-18", "connection": "The Old Testament account of God's law being given at Mount Sinai, accompanied by thunder and fire, provides a significant parallel to the dramatic and powerful way the Holy Spirit was given at Pentecost, marking a new covenant." } ] }
{ "references": [ { "reference": "Leviticus 23:15-16", "connection": "This passage describes the timing and observance of the Feast of Weeks, also known as Pentecost, establishing the context for why this specific day was significant." }, { "reference": "Joel 2:28-29", "connection": "This prophecy foretells the outpouring of God's Spirit upon all people, which Peter directly connects to the events of Pentecost in his sermon, showing its fulfillment." }, { "reference": "John 14:26", "connection": "Jesus promised that the Holy Spirit would come to teach and remind the disciples of all that He had said, directly relating to the Spirit's empowering work that began on Pentecost." }, { "reference": "Acts 1:15", "connection": "This verse mentions the gathering of about 120 people, providing the context for the larger group present with the apostles when the Holy Spirit descended." }, { "reference": "Exodus 19:16-18", "connection": "The Old Testament account of God's law being given at Mount Sinai, accompanied by thunder and fire, provides a significant parallel to the dramatic and powerful way the Holy Spirit was given at Pentecost, marking a new covenant." } ] }
"When the day of Pentecost arrived, they were all together in one place. And suddenly there came from heaven a sound like a mighty rushing wind, and it filled the entire house where they were sitting." — The phrase "fully come" (or "was being fulfilled") suggests the day wasn't just arriving, but that the period leading up to it was being completed, like a measure being filled. This emphasizes that…
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