spiritπνεῦμα
pneuma · Greek Noun
The inward life of a person, often referring to the seat of emotions, will, or the faculty of spiritual perception and response to God. In this context, it reflects Paul's deep emotional and spiritual distress.
provokedπαροξύνω
paroxynō · Greek Verb
To be deeply irritated, exasperated, or stirred to a state of sharp agitation. It describes a profound emotional and spiritual reaction against evil or idolatry.
idolsεἴδωλον
eidōlon · Greek Noun
Physical images or objects representing false gods, often associated with spiritual blindness or rebellion against the true God. The term denotes things that are empty, vain, and unworthy of worship.
reasonedδιαλέγομαι
dialegomai · Greek Verb
To engage in logical discourse, dispute, or lecture in order to persuade or explain. It implies a systematic effort to communicate truth.
devout personsσεβόμενος
sebomenos · Greek Adjective/Participle
God-fearing Gentiles who respected Jewish monotheism and attended synagogue services, though they had not yet undergone the full process of proselytization.
babblerσπερμολόγος
spermologos · Greek Noun
A derogatory term for a babbler or a scavenger of ideas; one who picks up scraps of knowledge without understanding them. It expresses contempt for someone considered intellectually inferior.
divinitiesδαιμόνιον
daimonion · Greek Noun
Divine beings, gods, or deities. In the New Testament, the term often refers to the false gods of the pagan world.
resurrectionἀνάστασις
anastasis · Greek Noun
The central hope of the Christian faith, representing the historical, bodily return of Jesus to life. It is the victory over sin and death and the guarantee of the believer's future glory.
AreopagusἌρειος πάγος
Areios pagos · Greek Noun
The supreme judicial and deliberative council of Athens, which met on a prominent hill; it functioned as the cultural and religious oversight body for the city.
AtheniansἈθηναῖοι
Athēnaioi · Greek Noun
Refers to the inhabitants of Athens, Greece; in a broader biblical context, it represents the Greek intellectual and cultural elite known for their philosophical pursuits.
very religiousδεισιδαιμονεστέρους
deisidaimonesterous · Greek Adjective
A state of being devoted to the veneration of divine beings or idols; in this context, it describes the Greek practice of honoring many deities.
altarβωμὸν
bōmon · Greek Noun
A place of sacrifice or offering dedicated to a deity; biblically, it symbolizes the point of intersection between the divine and the human, often misused in idolatrous worship.
objects of your worshipσεβάσματα
sebasmata · Greek Noun
The act of showing reverence, honor, or homage to a deity or object of devotion; true worship is exclusively due to the one Creator God.
proclaimκαταγγέλλω
katangellō · Greek Verb
To announce or preach the gospel; it involves the public and authoritative declaration of the truth of God's revelation.
LordΚύριος
Kyrios · Greek Noun
The sovereign Master or Ruler who possesses absolute authority over all creation; it denotes God's supreme ownership and governance.
templesναοῖς
naois · Greek Noun
Physical structures constructed for the habitation or worship of a deity; God, being infinite and omnipresent, cannot be contained by human-built structures.
lifeζωὴν
zōēn · Greek Noun
The source and sustainer of existence; biblically, human life is a gift from God, dependent entirely upon His ongoing sustaining power.
breathπνοὴν
pnoēn · Greek Noun
The animating force or spirit of life granted by God to humanity; it symbolizes the fragility of life and humanity's constant dependence on the Creator.
nationἔθνος
ethnos · Greek Noun
Commonly refers to a people group or ethnic unit; in biblical theology, it emphasizes the unity of the human race as created by God from a single source.
determinedὁρίζω
horizō · Greek Verb
The act of God sovereignly deciding or setting in place specific times, seasons, or historical eras for humanity.
seekζητέω
zēteō · Greek Verb
To try to find or discover something by searching; often used in Scripture to describe a sincere, sometimes difficult pursuit of God.
offspringγένος
genos · Greek Noun
Describes a state of being related by birth or descent; here used to denote human beings as created by God and bearing His image.
divine beingτὸ θεῖον
to theion · Greek Noun
Refers to the nature, essence, or character of the Godhead; denotes that God is an incorporeal Spirit, distinct from material creation.
imageεἰδώς
eidos · Greek Noun
A visual representation or idol intended to embody a deity; strictly forbidden in Scripture as a representation of the infinite God.
ignoranceἄγνοια
agnoia · Greek Noun
Refers to a period of spiritual blindness or lack of divine revelation prior to the coming of Christ.
repentμετανοέω
metanoeō · Greek Verb
A fundamental change of mind and heart, involving a turning away from sin and a turning toward God; it is a necessary requirement for salvation.
judgeκρίνειν
krinein · Greek Verb
A judicial act or pronouncement by God that evaluates human actions, thoughts, and hearts, leading to the vindication of the righteous and the condemnation of the wicked. It is ultimately delegated to Jesus Christ, who serves as the final judge over all creation.
righteousnessδικαιοσύνῃ
dikaiosyne · Greek Noun
Conforming to the moral standard and character of God, this describes God's holy and impartial justice. In the context of divine judgment, it signifies that God's assessment of humanity is perfectly fair and aligned with His holy nature.
appointedὥρισεν
horisen · Greek Verb
A person who has been officially chosen, designated, or authorized by God to perform a specific task or fulfill a role, particularly that of the Savior and Judge of the world.
assuranceπίστιν
pistin · Greek Noun
A firm conviction, proof, or guarantee that provides certainty regarding a truth claim. In the context of the gospel, the resurrection is the historical, undeniable evidence provided by God to validate Christ’s claims and authority.
resurrectionἀνάστασιν
anastasin · Greek Noun
The act of being physically restored to life after death. In Christian theology, it is the fundamental event that signifies God's victory over death and the validation of Christ's sacrifice, serving as the "firstfruits" of the future resurrection for all believers.
mockedἐχλεύαζον
echleuazon · Greek Verb
To express contempt, ridicule, or derision toward a message or person. In a biblical context, it often characterizes the response of those who reject the truth of the gospel due to pride or worldly wisdom.
believedἐπίστευσαν
episteusan · Greek Verb
To place one's full trust, reliance, and commitment in God and His message, specifically the gospel of Jesus Christ. It is an active, ongoing response of the heart that results in salvation and a transformed life.