JewἸουδαῖος
Ioudaios · Greek Noun
The designation for a descendant of Abraham and a member of the covenant people of God, often highlighting identity rooted in the Law and historical promise.
lawνόμον
nomos · Greek Noun
The divine instruction and moral code given by God through Moses; it functions to reveal God's standard of holiness and human sinfulness.
willθέλημα
thelēma · Greek Noun
The fundamental standard of holiness, goodness, and divine requirement; it is the revelation of God's character and His desired conduct for His people.
excellentδιαφέροντα
diapherō · Greek Adjective/Participle
The inherent quality of being morally superior, morally pure, or ethically distinct, setting something apart from common or sinful practices.
guideὁδηγὸν
hodēgos · Greek Noun
One who shows the way, leads, or directs others, often used in a spiritual context for one who claims to provide moral or religious guidance.
lightφῶς
phōs · Greek Noun
A metaphorical term for one who possesses spiritual revelation or truth, designed to expose error and show the way to God in a lost world.
darknessσκότει
skotos · Greek Noun
A lack of spiritual or moral understanding; often associated with those separated from God and His revealed truth.
instructorπαιδευτὴν
paideutēs · Greek Noun
One who educates or corrects, specifically in matters of religious or moral instruction, often implying a position of authority or spiritual guardianship.
embodimentμόρφωσιν
morphōsis · Greek Noun
A form or pattern of something; often used to describe the tangible expression, outline, or representative model of reality or truth.
truthἀληθείας
alētheia · Greek Noun
The divine reality, faithfulness, and absolute truth of God's character and message, often contrasted with falsehood or human deception.
teachδιδάσκεις
didaskeis · Greek Verb
The act of instructing or providing guidance, often involving the transmission of moral or religious truth. In a biblical context, it implies the responsibility of the teacher to embody the truth they impart.
preachκηρύσσων
kērussōn · Greek Verb
To publicly proclaim or herald a message. In Scripture, it often refers to the proclamation of God's word or moral exhortation.
stealingκλέπτεις
klepteis · Greek Verb
The act of taking the property of another without permission; in the Mosaic Law, it is explicitly forbidden as a violation of one's neighbor and of God's command.
commit adulteryμοιχάᾳ
moichaai · Greek Verb
Sexual relations between a married person and someone other than their spouse; it is a serious violation of the marriage covenant and God’s standard of holiness.
abhorβδελυσσόμενος
bdelussomenos · Greek Verb
To hate, detest, or regard with extreme repugnance. Theologically, it describes the necessary attitude toward that which God rejects, particularly false gods.
idolsεἴδωλα
eidōla · Greek Noun
Images or physical objects worshipped as gods; idolatry is the fundamental sin of substituting the creature or created things for the Creator.
rob templesἱεροσυλεῖς
hierosyleis · Greek Verb
To take something by force or theft. Here, it refers to the sacrilegious act of plundering pagan shrines, implying an ironic contradiction for those who claim to despise idols.
boastκαυχᾶσαι
kauchasai · Greek Verb
To take pride or glory in something. Biblically, boasting is only valid when it is in the Lord and His works, rather than in self or one's own religious status.
lawνόμον
nomon · Greek Noun
The divine instruction or moral code given by God, primarily to Israel, to reveal His holiness and man's need for redemption.
dishonorἀτιμάζεις
atimazeis · Greek Verb
To treat with lack of respect or to shame. When directed toward God, it involves conduct that misrepresents His character or contradicts His revealed will.
blasphemedβλασφημεῖται
blasphēmeitai · Greek Verb
To speak reproachfully, irreverently, or abusively against God or sacred things, bringing shame upon God's character and reputation.
Gentilesἔθνη
ethnē · Greek Noun
Literally 'nations'; refers to all people groups other than Israel. In the New Testament, it often highlights the missionary context of the gospel going beyond the Jewish people.
circumcisionπεριτομή
peritomē · Greek Noun
The surgical sign of the covenant God made with Abraham and his descendants. It signifies being set apart to God, though Scripture repeatedly emphasizes the necessity of the corresponding 'circumcision of the heart.'
uncircumcisedἀκροβυστία
akrobystia · Greek Noun
The removal of the foreskin of the male, signifying the covenant relationship between God and His people in the Old Testament, representing separation unto God and purification of the heart.
preceptsδικαίωμα
dikaiōma · Greek Noun
Righteous requirements, mandates, or ordinances established by God for human conduct; often refers to the specific ethical and cultic demands of the Mosaic Law.
lawνόμος
nomos · Greek Noun
The body of divine instructions given through Moses, often used to refer to the Pentateuch or the entire revealed will of God; it serves as a standard of righteousness that exposes human sin.
circumcisionπεριτομή
peritomē · Greek Noun
The sign of the Abrahamic covenant, signifying dedication to God and the mark of belonging to His chosen people Israel; spiritually, it points to the necessity of a circumcised (transformed) heart.
condemnκρίνω
krinō · Greek Verb
To declare guilty or pass judgment; in a biblical context, it refers to the righteous judgment of God or the testimony of a faithful person against the unfaithfulness of others.
written codeγράμμα
gramma · Greek Noun
The revealed statutes of God given in written form, often emphasizing the external nature of the Mosaic covenant when separated from inward obedience.
JewἸουδαῖος
Ioudaios · Greek Noun
A member of the physical descendants of Jacob/Israel; in the New Testament, it is redefined to emphasize the spiritual reality of belonging to God through faith rather than ethnic lineage alone.
heartκαρδία
kardia · Greek Noun
The immaterial aspect of a person, often viewed as the center of human thought, will, desire, and moral decision-making; the place where true transformation by God occurs.
Spiritπνεῦμα
pneuma · Greek Noun
The third person of the Trinity, the agent of regeneration and sanctification who applies the work of Christ to the believer, enabling obedience that is inward and spiritual.
praiseἔπαινος
epainos · Greek Noun
Approval, honor, or commendation; the manifestation of God’s recognition of a person’s true, inward faithfulness.
