Godאֱלֹהִים
'elohim · Hebrew Noun
The supreme Creator and Ruler of the universe, who is eternal, holy, and just. In this context, it refers to Elohim, emphasizing His majesty and sovereign authority.
divine councilעֲדַת-אֵל
'edat-'el · Hebrew Noun phrase
Refers to an assembly of heavenly beings or celestial spirits. In biblical theology, this often depicts the heavenly court where God presides over his creation and exercises divine governance.
godsאֱלֹהִים
'elohim · Hebrew Noun
Refers to beings of authority or power, sometimes used of angelic beings or earthly rulers who hold power delegated by God. It signifies those who exercise judgment or govern on God's behalf.
judgeשָׁפַט
shaphat · Hebrew Verb
To pronounce a verdict, govern, or distinguish between right and wrong. It implies divine or human authority to establish justice and order according to God's standard.
wickedרָשָׁע
rasha' · Hebrew Adjective/Noun
A moral condition characterized by defiance against God's law. It describes those who persist in evil, injustice, and disobedience to the divine will.
justiceמִשְׁפָּט
mishpat · Hebrew Noun
A term denoting fairness and righteousness, particularly the legal and social requirement to protect the vulnerable. It is rooted in God's own character and His covenantal expectation for human society.
darknessחֹשֶׁךְ
choshek · Hebrew Noun
Often used metaphorically for a lack of spiritual insight or moral discernment. It represents the state of living without knowledge of God's truth, leading to confusion and spiritual death.
foundationsמוֹסָד
mosad · Hebrew Noun
Refers to the fundamental principles, laws, or moral order established by God for the stability of human society and the world. When these are shaken, it indicates societal collapse and chaos resulting from systemic injustice.
godsאֱלֹהִים
elohim · Hebrew Noun
A term often used in Scripture to refer to supernatural beings, angelic beings, or those who act as representatives of God's authority in human governance, though here specifically challenging the human judges who acted as if they were divine.
sons of the Most Highבֶּן עֶלְיוֹן
ben 'elyon · Hebrew Noun Phrase
A designation indicating a close relationship, delegation of authority, or spiritual status as children of the Almighty; in this context, it highlights the high responsibility and delegated authority given to these human judges.
Most Highעֶלְיוֹן
elyon · Hebrew Adjective/Noun
A title for God emphasizing His supremacy, sovereignty, and transcendence over all creation and all other powers.
menאָדָם
adam · Hebrew Noun
Referring to ordinary human beings in their fragility and mortality, used here to contrast the judges' assumed divinity with their inevitable death.
dieמוּת
muth · Hebrew Verb
To cease living; the universal consequence of sin for all humanity, signifying the end of earthly existence and the transition to divine judgment.
fallנָפַל
naphal · Hebrew Verb
To lose one's position or moral standing; often used in Scripture to denote ruin, failure, or the humbling of those in power.
princeשַׂר
sar · Hebrew Noun
A leader or ruler of a people; one who exercises authority, whose status does not exempt them from divine accountability or death.
Ariseקוּם
qum · Hebrew Verb
An imperative calling God to act, manifest His presence, or intervene in history to set things right; signifies the start of divine intervention.
judgeשָׁפַט
shaphat · Hebrew Verb
The act of evaluating, executing justice, or setting right the wrongs of the world; a prerogative that belongs ultimately to God as the moral Governor of all creation.
earthאֶרֶץ
eretz · Hebrew Noun
The created physical world and its inhabitants, which is the theater of God's redemptive history and the focus of His righteous rule.
inheritנָחַל
nachal · Hebrew Verb
To take legal possession or rule over; used biblically to denote God's sovereign claim and ownership over all peoples and territories.
nationsגּוֹי
goy · Hebrew Noun
The various people groups of the world; in the context of God's inheritance, it signifies the totality of humanity under His rightful sovereign domain.
