violenceחָמָס
chamas · Hebrew Noun
In the Hebrew Bible, this term describes unjust, cruel, and oppressive behavior, often accompanied by physical force. It is a defining characteristic of those who act against God's moral order.
Jacobיַעֲקֹב
Ya'aqob · Hebrew Proper Noun
Refers to the son of Isaac, the father of the twelve tribes, and the recipient of the Abrahamic covenant. He serves as the representative of the chosen people of God.
shameבּוּשָׁה
bushah · Hebrew Noun
A state of humiliation, dishonor, and disgrace brought on by sin or divine judgment. It describes the inevitable outcome for those who exalt themselves against God or His people.
dayיוֹם
yom · Hebrew Noun
In Scripture, this refers to a specific time of divine intervention, judgment, or visitation, often associated with the culmination of history or a decisive moment of justice. It denotes the time when God manifests His sovereignty against wickedness and establishes His purposes.
strangersנָכְרִי
nokri · Hebrew Noun/Adjective
People outside the covenant community of Israel, often implying an lack of spiritual or familial loyalty. In a negative context, it refers to those who are hostile toward God’s people or indifferent to His covenant.
cast lotsגּוֹרָל
goral · Hebrew Noun
To throw pieces of wood or stone with markings to determine fate or divide spoils. In Scripture, this often represents an attempt to exert control over something that belongs to God or a disrespectful disregard for the sacredness of a people or city.
Jerusalemיְרוּשָׁלַםִ
Yerushalayim · Hebrew Proper Noun
The city of Jerusalem, the chosen dwelling place of God’s name and the center of Old Testament worship. It symbolizes the spiritual inheritance and the presence of God among His people.
gloatרָאָה
ra'ah · Hebrew Verb
A feeling of malicious joy or triumph over the suffering and misfortune of others. It is fundamentally contrary to biblical love and is condemned as a prideful and ungodly attitude.
brotherאָח
ach · Hebrew Noun
Refers to those related by blood or covenant. Biblically, it highlights the duty of solidarity, protection, and love, making the betrayal by Edom against Jacob particularly heinous.
misfortuneאֵיד
ed · Hebrew Noun
A state of intense adversity, trouble, or affliction. It is often used to describe times when a person or nation is under severe testing or divine judgment.
survivorsפָּלִיט
palit · Hebrew Noun
Refers to people who have escaped danger or destruction. Caring for or actively destroying these individuals determines one's moral standing before God.
day of the LORDיוֹם יְהוָה
yom YHWH · Hebrew Noun Phrase
The comprehensive term for the ultimate, eschatological judgment of God upon all humanity and nations. It signifies the moment when God's righteousness is fully vindicated and all earthly rebellion is brought to an end.
deedsפֹּעַל
po'al · Hebrew Noun
Refers to an individual's total conduct, actions, and character. Scripture consistently affirms the principle of reaping what one sows: that God will ultimately repay every person according to the fruit of their behavior.
holy mountain / Mount Zionהַר קָדְשִׁי / הַר צִיּוֹן
har qodshi / har tziyon · Hebrew Noun
The mount where God’s presence dwells and His kingdom is established; it serves as a symbol of the spiritual center of God’s rule and the future gathering place of His people.
nationsגּוֹיִם
goyim · Hebrew Noun
Refers to the surrounding cultures or non-Israelite peoples. In prophetic literature, they are often characterized by their opposition to God’s people and sovereignty, eventually being subject to divine judgment.
drinkשָׁתָה
shatah · Hebrew Verb
Often associated with God’s judgment, the act of drinking the cup of wrath signifies experiencing the full measure of divine judgment and its devastating effects.
