congregationעֵדָה
‘edah · Hebrew Noun
A term referring to the community of Israel as a unified body, gathered together by God, often emphasizing their covenant status and calling to be holy before Him.
priestכֹּהֵן
kohen · Hebrew Noun
A mediator between God and the people who offered sacrifices, interpreted the law, and performed ritual duties. In the OT, this office was established in the Aaronic priesthood.
LORDיְהוָה
YHWH · Hebrew Proper Noun
The personal name of the God of Israel, the covenant-keeping God who revealed Himself to Moses. It signifies His eternal existence, faithfulness, and holiness.
favorחֵן
chen · Hebrew Noun
A state of being accepted or approved by someone in authority; biblically, it often refers to finding grace in the eyes of God or a person of influence, implying a favorable reception.
possessionאֲחֻזָּה
achuzzah · Hebrew Noun
Land, property, or an inheritance assigned to a person, family, or tribe. It implies ownership and stewardship of the land granted by God’s covenantal arrangement.
brothersאָח
ach · Hebrew Noun
A collective term for fellow members of the covenant community of Israel, emphasizing the shared heritage and duty of the tribes.
warמִלְחָמָה
milchamah · Hebrew Noun
A common term for organized armed conflict. In a biblical context, it often refers to the battles undertaken by Israel under God's command to possess the promised land.
discourageנוּא
nu’ · Hebrew Verb
To break, turn aside, or cause to lose heart. In this context, it refers to causing others to lack the courage or faith necessary to obey God's commands.
heartלֵבָב
lebab · Hebrew Noun
The central organ of the individual, representing the seat of the intellect, will, emotions, and moral decision-making. To influence the 'heart' is to influence one's fundamental resolve or conviction.
landאֶרֶץ
erets · Hebrew Noun
The promised land of Canaan, which God swore to give to Abraham and his descendants as a perpetual inheritance. It is a symbol of God's faithfulness to His covenant promises.
the LORDיְהוָה
YHWH · Hebrew Proper Noun
The personal, covenant name of God (Yahweh), reflecting His absolute self-existence and His faithfulness to His people through His saving acts.
fathersאָב
ab · Hebrew Noun
Referring to the patriarchs or the generation of the exodus who were present at the initial testing of Israel’s faith regarding entry into the Promised Land.
Kadesh-barneaקָדֵשׁ בַּרְנֵעַ
Qadesh Barnea · Hebrew Proper Noun
A specific geographical location in the wilderness, historically significant as the site from which the twelve spies were sent to scout the land, and where the people rebelled.
Valley of Eshcolאֶשְׁכּוֹל
Eshkol · Hebrew Proper Noun
A valley noted for its fertility, historically linked to the report brought back by the spies who explored Canaan.
angerאַף
aph · Hebrew Noun
The righteous reaction of God to sin, rebellion, or covenant unfaithfulness. It is not an arbitrary passion but a settled opposition to everything that is contrary to His holiness.
sworeשָׁבַע
shaba' · Hebrew Verb
To make a solemn declaration or promise, often invoking God as witness. In a biblical context, it frequently signifies an irrevocable commitment or the pronouncement of a divine judgment or blessing.
sworeנָשַׁע
shaba · Hebrew Verb
A solemn declaration or oath, typically made by God, to confirm a promise or covenant, carrying the weight of His unchangeable character and authority.
wholly followedמָלֵא אַחַר
male' achar · Hebrew Verb phrase
A state of complete, unreserved devotion and obedience to God, characterized by wholehearted loyalty and a refusal to compromise with sin or unbelief.
LORDיְהוָה
YHWH · Hebrew Proper Noun
The personal, covenantal name of the God of Israel, revealing Him as the self-existent, faithful, and redeeming One who enters into a relationship with His people.
angerאַף
aph · Hebrew Noun
A burning, righteous indignation of God against sin, rebellion, and apostasy, which protects His holiness and justice while inviting repentance.
wanderנוּעַ
nua · Hebrew Verb
The state or act of lacking a fixed home or direction, often used biblically to describe divine judgment upon a rebellious people, resulting in a prolonged period of trial and purification.
evilרָעָה
ra'ah · Hebrew Adjective/Noun
Moral rebellion against God’s character and commandments, representing a violation of His law and a missing of the mark of His glory.
broodתַּרְבּוּת
tarbut · Hebrew Noun
A term used for offspring or descendants, here carrying a derogatory nuance of being characterized by the sinful traits and disobedience of one's ancestors.
sinfulחַטָּא
chatta' · Hebrew Adjective
Actions or states that violate the moral law of God, stemming from a heart turned away from Him and resulting in spiritual separation.
turn awayשׁוּב
shub · Hebrew Verb
The act of turning away from a relationship, allegiance, or path; in a theological context, it refers to apostasy or the abandonment of faith and obedience to God.
abandonעָזַב
azab · Hebrew Verb
To leave or forsake, often used to describe God’s withdrawal of His protective presence and blessing as a consequence of His people's persistent rebellion.
sheepfoldsגְּדֵרֹת
gederot · Hebrew Noun
Enclosures or pens constructed to shelter flocks, symbolizing the settling down and security of the Reubenites and Gadites.
little onesטַף
tap · Hebrew Noun
Refers to the children and dependents, emphasizing the vulnerability of the families left behind while the men went to war.
ready to go/take up armsחָלוּץ
chaluts · Hebrew Adjective/Participle
The act of preparing for battle; signifies military readiness and commitment to a shared covenantal cause.
fortified citiesמִבְצָר
mivtsar · Hebrew Noun/Adjective
Protected or walled settlements, reflecting the need for defense against the Canaanite peoples during the period of conquest.
inheritanceנַחֲלָה
nachalah · Hebrew Noun
The allotted portion of land or possession given by God to the tribes of Israel, fundamentally representing God's covenantal gift to His people.
Jordanיַרְדֵּן
Yarden · Hebrew Noun
A significant geographical and symbolic boundary in the Bible, often representing the threshold between the wilderness wandering and the promised land of Canaan.
the LORDיהוה
YHWH · Hebrew Noun
The personal name of the one true God, Yahweh, who entered into a covenant with Israel; represents His holiness, sovereignty, and presence.
warמִלְחָמָה
milchamah · Hebrew Noun
Armed conflict or struggle, often used in scripture to describe Israel's battles to possess the land as ordained by God.
armed manחָלוּץ
chaluwts · Hebrew Adjective/Noun
A term used to describe a soldier equipped for battle; in a biblical context, it often refers to those set apart to fight for the Lord's purposes on behalf of His people.
the LORDיְהוָה
YHWH · Hebrew Noun
The primary name for the God of Israel, the covenant-keeping God who revealed Himself to Moses at the burning bush. It is the personal, self-existent name of God.
pass overעָבַר
abar · Hebrew Verb
To move or go across, often implying a change of state, a transition from one status to another, or moving into a new territory under God's command.
subduedכָּבַשׁ
kabash · Hebrew Verb
Used here to denote the state of being brought under control or conquered, often associated with the land God promised as an inheritance, signifying the establishment of His rule.
free of obligationנָקִי
naqiy · Hebrew Adjective
In a legal or religious sense, this refers to a requirement or duty owed; here it signifies being released from the specific military requirement laid upon the tribes of Reuben and Gad.
possessionאֲחֻזָּה
achuzzah · Hebrew Noun
A portion of land or goods held as a legal right or inheritance; biblically, it emphasizes the stewardship of what God has granted to His people.
sinnedחָטָא
chata · Hebrew Verb
Missing the mark or failing to meet the standard set by God's holiness and commandments. It results in separation from God and requires atonement.
find you outמָצָא
matsa · Hebrew Verb
Used here in a figurative sense to mean that one's wrongdoing will inevitably be exposed or lead to its own consequences, emphasizing that nothing is hidden from God.
little onesטַף
taph · Hebrew Noun
A common term for children or dependents; it highlights the responsibility of the previous generation to provide for the protection and welfare of the next.
foldsגְּדֵרָה
gederah · Hebrew Noun
An enclosure, especially for livestock; used biblically as a symbol of protection, community, and the gathering of the Lord's "flock."
servantsעֶבֶד
ebed · Hebrew Noun
A formal expression of submission and service, acknowledging the authority of a leader who is acting as God's representative.
Gileadגִּלְעָד
Gil'ad · Hebrew Proper Noun
A region east of the Jordan River known for its rich grazing land, often associated with the inheritance of the tribes of Reuben, Gad, and the half-tribe of Manasseh.
servantsעֶבֶד
'ebed · Hebrew Noun
In a biblical context, servants of God are those who submit themselves to His will, authority, and mission, often carrying the connotation of faithful obedience and service.
the LORDיְהוָה
Yahweh · Hebrew Proper Noun
The personal name of the one true God of Israel, revealing His covenantal relationship with His people and His holiness; it signifies His eternal, self-existent nature.
Eleazarאֶלְעָזָר
'El'azar · Hebrew Proper Noun
The son of Aaron who succeeded his father as High Priest, responsible for the oversight of the sanctuary, mediation, and representing God's will to the people.
Joshuaיְהוֹשׁוּעַ
Yehoshua' · Hebrew Proper Noun
The leader appointed by God to succeed Moses, known for his military leadership and faithfulness in bringing the Israelites into the Promised Land.
possessionאֲחֻזָּה
'achuzzah · Hebrew Noun
A legal or covenantal term referring to an ancestral inheritance, land, or property that is divinely allotted and intended to remain within a family or tribal lineage.
Jordanיַרְדֵּן
Yarden · Hebrew Proper Noun
The primary river forming the eastern border of the land promised to Israel; crossing it symbolized the transition from wilderness wandering into the inheritance of the Promised Land.
Canaanכְּנַעַן
Kena'an · Hebrew Proper Noun
The Promised Land given by God to the descendants of Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, central to the covenantal life and identity of the nation of Israel.
LORDיהוה
YHWH · Hebrew Proper Noun
The personal name of the one true God of Israel, revealing His covenant faithfulness, eternal self-existence, and holiness. It is the name by which He makes Himself known to His people and initiates relationship with them.
servantsעֶבֶד
ebed · Hebrew Noun
One who is in the service of another, often used in Scripture to denote a relationship of submission, loyalty, and duty to God or a human superior. In a theological sense, it describes the position of the faithful believer before the sovereign God.
armedחָלוּץ
chaluts · Hebrew Adjective
Equipped for war or prepared for battle. Biblically, it often emphasizes readiness to engage in the conflicts necessary to secure the promises of God.
Canaanכְּנַעַן
Kena'an · Hebrew Proper Noun
The Promised Land given to Israel by God, a type of the inheritance or spiritual rest God provides for His people. It represents the place of God's presence, blessing, and covenant fulfillment.
inheritanceנַחֲלָה
nachalah · Hebrew Noun
A portion or allotment received as a permanent gift or right, particularly from God. It carries the idea of security, belonging, and the fulfillment of divine promises to a specific group or individual.
kingdomמַמְלָכָה
mamlakah · Hebrew Noun
A political and territorial domain ruled by a monarch. In Scripture, it highlights the sovereignty of nations and the divine judgment that occurs when these kingdoms stand in opposition to God's purposes.
fortifiedבָּצַר
batsar · Hebrew Verb
A verb meaning to render a place secure against attack, typically by building walls or towers. In the Old Testament, it signifies the human effort to protect territory and resources granted by God.
foldsגְּדֵרָה
gederah · Hebrew Noun
In a biblical context, these refer to organized groups of livestock, specifically sheep. They reflect the pastoral lifestyle of many Israelites and signify the provision of God through land and agricultural prosperity.
dispossessedיָרַשׁ
yarash · Hebrew Verb
In the Old Testament, to dispossess means to drive out or evict previous inhabitants from land. It is frequently used in the context of the conquest of Canaan, where God commands Israel to remove idolatrous nations to take possession of the promised inheritance.
peopleעַמִּים
amim · Hebrew Noun
One of the groups descended from the patriarch Jacob/Israel. Throughout the Old Testament, this term identifies the covenant community who are the recipients of God's promises and laws, and who serve as His witnesses among the nations.
Amoritesאֱמֹרִי
Emori · Hebrew Noun
A prominent people group in the Old Testament occupying the land east and west of the Jordan River. They are often characterized as wicked and idolatrous, representing nations that stood in opposition to God's purpose for Israel.
sonsבֵּן
ben · Hebrew Noun
A term denoting the male descendants of an individual or tribe. In biblical genealogies, it emphasizes the preservation of lineage and the distribution of covenantal heritage from one generation to the next.
villagesחַוֹּת
havvoth · Hebrew Noun
A Hebrew term meaning "villages of," used to refer to a collection of tent-settlements or small encampments. In the context of the conquest, it denotes the occupied territories of nomadic or semi-nomadic groups.
Havvoth-jairחַוֹּת יָאִיר
Havvoth-jair · Hebrew Proper Noun
A name given to a location, meaning "the encampments of Jair." In biblical naming customs, renaming a captured place often signified ownership, authority, or the establishment of a memorial to the conqueror.
capturedלָכַד
lakad · Hebrew Verb
A general term for capturing or seizing control of a city or territory through military force. In the biblical narrative, it often signifies the fulfillment of God's promise to give the land to the Israelites as an inheritance.
after his own nameשֵׁם
shem · Hebrew Noun
A common practice in ancient Near Eastern culture where a person or group renames a conquered site after themselves to establish a legacy, claim perpetual ownership, or commemorate a significant victory.
