chief priestsἀρχιερεύς
archiereus · Greek Noun
The leaders of the Jewish religious establishment, responsible for temple worship and interpreting the Law. They held significant political and social influence and were the primary instigators in the legal pursuit of Jesus.
eldersπρεσβύτερος
presbyteros · Greek Noun
The leaders of the people who held authority in matters of community governance and religious tradition. They were integral to the judicial councils that opposed Jesus' ministry.
destroyἀπόλλυμι
apollymi · Greek Verb
To ruin, kill, or bring to an end. Biblically, it often refers to physical death or the spiritual ruin of one's purpose or soul, specifically used here to describe the desire of Jesus' enemies to end His earthly ministry.
governorἡγεμών
hēgemōn · Greek Noun
A title used for regional Roman officials overseeing territories not fully integrated into provinces, reflecting legal and administrative authority.
BarabbasΒαραββᾶς
Barabbas · Greek (derived from Aramaic) Noun
The personal name of the individual released in place of Jesus; literally means 'son of the father,' carrying deep ironic significance as the crowd rejects the true Son of the Father for a human substitute.
JesusἸησοῦς
Iēsous · Greek (derived from Hebrew) Noun
The central figure of the Gospel; the name means 'YHWH is salvation' and is paired here with the title 'Christ' (Messiah).
ChristΧριστός
Christos · Greek Noun
The Greek translation of the Hebrew 'Messiah' (Anointed One), referring to the King and Savior promised to Israel by God through the prophets.
crucifiedσταυρόω
stauroō · Greek Verb
A form of execution used by the Romans, characterized by extreme physical agony, shame, and public degradation, which became the instrument of Christ's atoning sacrifice.
evilκακός
kakos · Greek Adjective/Noun
General term for moral wickedness, malice, or depravity, often used in legal settings to denote a crime worthy of punishment.
innocentἀθῷος
athōos · Greek Adjective
A state of being free from guilt or moral responsibility; a status before God achieved not by works but by grace, or in this context, a failed legal attempt to evade moral accountability.
bloodαἷμα
haima · Greek Noun
Representing life, sacrifice, and the weight of moral responsibility; in the Old Testament, it is the 'life' of the flesh, and here it signifies the guilt of shedding the life of an innocent person.
releasedἀπολύω
apolyō · Greek Verb
A legal act of setting a prisoner free; in this context, it signifies the substitutionary release of a guilty man in the place of the innocent Christ.
scourgedφραγελλόω
phragelloō · Greek Verb
A severe punishment involving whipping with a lash containing bits of bone, metal, or lead, intended to weaken the victim before execution.
deliveredπαραδίδωμι
paradidōmi · Greek Verb
To hand over or surrender to the power or authority of another; often used in the context of Jesus being given over to His enemies to fulfill the divine plan of salvation.
crucifiedσταυρόω
staurōō · Greek Verb
A form of capital punishment involving being fixed to a cross, used by the Romans for slaves and political rebels, characterized by extreme physical agony and public humiliation.
