hurledטוּל
ṭûl · Hebrew Verb
A metaphor for divine intervention, judgment, or judgment sent by God. It signifies God's sovereign control over the elements of creation to accomplish His purposes.
marinersמַלָּח
mallāḥ · Hebrew Noun
Refers to sailors or seamen who navigate the seas; in Scripture, often used to contrast the lack of divine revelation among pagans with their innate human response to fear and crisis.
godאֱלֹהִים
elohim · Hebrew Noun
A supernatural being worshipped as having power over aspects of nature or human affairs. In the OT, the term can refer to the true God or pagan idols.
perishאָבַד
abad · Hebrew Verb
To cease to exist, die, or be destroyed. It represents the state of utter ruin, particularly in the face of divine judgment or overwhelming natural calamity.
lotsגּוֹרָל
goral · Hebrew Noun
A method used to determine the divine will or the cause of a specific event. By casting lots, individuals sought to let the sovereignty of God (or gods) reveal information beyond human knowledge.
evilרָעָה
ra'ah · Hebrew Noun
A calamity, disaster, or moral wickedness. In this context, it refers to the catastrophic storm sent as a consequence of sin.
Hebrewעִבְרִי
ibri · Hebrew Noun
An ethno-religious designation for the people descended from Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob (Israel). It emphasizes their covenant relationship with God.
fearיָרֵא
yare · Hebrew Verb
A sense of awe, reverence, or terror before God. In a biblical context, it implies a recognition of God's holiness and power, often leading to obedience or trembling.
LORDיְהוָה
YHWH · Hebrew Noun
The personal, covenantal name of God revealed to Israel (YHWH). It signifies His self-existence, eternal nature, and faithfulness to His people.
God of heavenשָׁמַיִם
shamayim · Hebrew Noun
The sovereign authority of God as Creator over the heavens and all celestial realms. It establishes His universal rule over all creation, distinct from local or territorial deities.
fleeingבָּרַח
barach · Hebrew Verb
To run away or escape from someone or something. Used here to describe the futile attempt to distance oneself from the omnipresent God.
presenceפָּנִים
panim · Hebrew Noun
The personal, immediate manifestation of God's authority and judgment. To be in His presence is to stand before His holiness, and to flee from it is to reject His authority.
tempestuousסַעַר
sa'ar · Hebrew Noun
A storm or surge of water; often used in Scripture to represent divine judgment, chaos, or the overwhelming power of God's creation that humans cannot control.
hurlטוּל
tul · Hebrew Verb
To cast or throw with force; in this context, it represents the act of surrendering to God's providence, even when that act involves personal loss or sacrifice.
LORDיְהוָה
YHWH · Hebrew Proper Noun
The sacred personal name of the God of Israel, YHWH, denoting His covenantal faithfulness, eternal existence, and sovereign authority over all creation.
perishאָבַד
abad · Hebrew Verb
To cease to exist, die, or be destroyed; in a spiritual sense, it refers to separation from God's presence or the consequence of sin.
lifeנֶפֶשׁ
nephesh · Hebrew Noun
Refers to the life or soul of a person; in a legal or moral context, it denotes the culpability associated with causing another's death.
innocentנָקִי
naqi · Hebrew Adjective
Referring to a person who has committed no crime worthy of death; in a theological sense, it highlights the sailors' reluctance to take responsibility for Jonah's judicial execution by the sea.
bloodדָּם
dam · Hebrew Noun
The life-blood of a human being; the shed blood represents guilt or the taking of a human life, which requires a reckoning before God.
pleasedחָפֵץ
chaphets · Hebrew Verb
God's sovereign will or purpose; it signifies that God acts according to His own wisdom and good pleasure, independent of human counsel.
ceasedשָׁתַק
shathaq · Hebrew Verb
To cease, stop, or rest; often used to describe God's rest after creation or the stopping of divine wrath/judgment.