Rabbiῥαββί
rhabbi · Greek Noun
A title meaning "my great one" or "master," used by students to address their teacher. In the New Testament, it is frequently used to address Jesus, acknowledging his authority and role as a rabbi/teacher.
the JewsἸουδαῖοι
Ioudaioi · Greek Noun
An ethnic and religious designation for the descendants of Jacob. In the Johannine literature, it frequently refers specifically to the Jewish religious leaders and those who opposed Jesus's mission.
to stoneλιθάζω
lithazō · Greek Verb
To execute someone by throwing stones at them; it was the prescribed legal punishment for certain capital crimes under the Mosaic Law. In this context, it represents the hostile intent of the religious authorities against Jesus.
lightφῶς
phōs · Greek Noun
A metaphorical term representing divine truth, moral purity, and the revelation of God. Walking in the light signifies living in obedience to God and communion with Christ, while darkness represents sin, ignorance, and separation from God.
walksπεριπατέω
peripateō · Greek Verb
Metaphorical language for one’s conduct, ethical lifestyle, or the daily journey of life before God. Walking implies a continuous, active progression in a specific moral or spiritual direction.
stumbleπταίω
ptaio · Greek Verb
A Greek term for a stumbling block or literal obstacle that causes someone to trip or fall. Spiritually, it refers to sinning, failing in one's faith, or falling into error due to a lack of divine guidance.
Lordκύριος
kyrios · Greek Noun
A formal title of respect for a teacher or a superior, used by disciples to address Jesus. In a theological sense, it acknowledges His authority, sovereignty, and divinity as the Messiah.
fallen asleepκοιμάω
koimaō · Greek Verb
To cease from physical life; the separation of the soul from the body. In a biblical context, it is the result of sin and the consequence of the Fall, yet for the believer, it is not the final end but a transition to be with Christ.
diedἀποθνήσκω
apothnēskō · Greek Verb
The cessation of biological life; the termination of earthly existence. In Scripture, it is often viewed as an enemy that has been defeated by the resurrection of Jesus Christ.
believeπιστεύω
pisteuō · Greek Verb
A wholehearted trust, reliance, and commitment to God and His promises. It involves an intellectual assent to the truth of the Gospel, an emotional trust in Christ, and a volitional surrender of one's life to Him.
TwinΔίδυμος
Didymos · Greek Proper Noun
A name derived from the Aramaic 'Ta'oma' and Greek 'Didymos', meaning 'twin'. It is often associated with his doubting but loyal character, representing the human struggle to reconcile faith with tangible reality.
disciplesμαθηταῖς
mathētais · Greek Noun
Refers to the students or followers of a teacher. In the New Testament, it denotes those who have committed themselves to follow, learn from, and imitate Jesus Christ as their Master.
