cup of the wine of wrathכּוֹס / חֵמָה
kos / chemah · Hebrew Noun
A common biblical metaphor representing the judgment, anger, or holy indignation of God against sin. It signifies the inescapable experience of God's righteous reaction to evil.
cupכּוֹס
kos · Hebrew Noun
A physical tool for liquid, but biblically used as a frequent metaphor for a portion of divine experience, often representing divine wrath, judgment, or suffering poured out upon individuals or nations.
swordחֶרֶב
chereb · Hebrew Noun
A weapon of war, but frequently utilized in Scripture as a symbol of divine judgment, warfare, and the execution of God's justice against rebellion and sin.
desolationשַׁמָּה
shammah · Hebrew Noun
A state of being destroyed, uninhabited, and reduced to ruins, reflecting the consequences of divine judgment upon those who reject God's covenant.
curseקְלָלָה
qelalah · Hebrew Noun
A term signifying being under a divine ban or judgment, often implying a state of utter ruin that provokes scorn or mocking from others.
hissingשְׁרֵקָה
shereqah · Hebrew Noun
A sound made by drawing in air through the teeth, used in the Bible as a common expression of mockery, derision, or astonishment at someone’s miserable downfall.
wasteמְשַׁמָּה
mesammah · Hebrew Noun
An empty or unproductive place; in a theological context, it refers to the state of nations or places where the glory and presence of God have been removed due to judgment.
remnantשְׁאֵרִית
she'erith · Hebrew Noun
Those who remain or are left over; biblically, it often refers to a small, surviving portion of a people after a greater catastrophe or judgment has occurred.
kingsמֶלֶךְ
melek · Hebrew Noun
In the Old Testament, these terms frequently refer to specific nations neighboring Israel that often stood in opposition to God’s covenant people or were subject to His sovereign judgment. They represent the nations of the world that fall under the universal rule of Yahweh.
cut the corners of their hairקָצָה
qatsah pē'ah · Hebrew Verb/Adjective phrase
A term referring to the cut of hair or beard in a specific manner, which in a biblical context often signifies pagan religious practices or mourning rituals forbidden to the Israelites (Leviticus 19:27). It identifies these groups as outside the covenant standards of holiness.
mixed tribesעֵרֶב
ereb · Hebrew Noun
A reference to people living in the wilderness or borderlands; historically, these were semi-nomadic groups that existed on the fringes of settled empires, highlighting the comprehensive reach of God's judgment across all geopolitical boundaries.
desertמִדְבָּר
midbar · Hebrew Noun
A geographical region associated with arid, uninhabited, or remote areas. In prophetic literature, it emphasizes that no location, however remote or desolate, is hidden from the divine presence or the execution of God's sovereignty.
kingsמֶלֶךְ
melek · Hebrew Noun
The sovereign ruler of a nation or state, often used in scripture to represent both human authority and the ultimate authority of God over nations.
