oracleמַשָּׂא
massa' · Hebrew Noun
A divine proclamation or burden from God, typically declaring judgment against a nation or group, often weighing heavily on the prophet delivering it.
Tarshishתַּרְשִׁישׁ
Tarshish · Hebrew Noun
A long-distance commercial vessel, often associated with the seafaring trade of ancient Phoenicia, representing wealth and global maritime reach.
laid wasteשָדַד
shadad · Hebrew Verb
A state of being destroyed, ruined, or desolate, often used in prophetic literature to describe the consequences of divine judgment on prideful nations.
Tyreצֹר
Tsor · Hebrew Noun
A Phoenician city-state known for its maritime dominance, wealth, and pride, serving in Scripture as a symbol of human commercial self-sufficiency that eventually faces divine judgment.
Cyprusכִּתִּים
Kittim · Hebrew Noun
An island or coastal region often associated with trade and the Mediterranean world in the ancient Near Eastern context.
Sidonצִידוֹן
Tsidon · Hebrew Noun
A major Phoenician port city, closely aligned with Tyre, known for its seafaring merchants and influence in the Mediterranean world.
merchantsסָחַר
sachar · Hebrew Noun
Individuals engaged in buying and selling, representing economic pursuit and interaction between diverse nations.
revenueתְּבוּאָה
tebu'ah · Hebrew Noun
Incomes or profits gained from trade; specifically in this context, the wealth generated by the control of international resources.
Shihorשִׁיחוֹר
Shihor · Hebrew Noun
A poetic name for the Nile River, symbolizing the life-giving agricultural productivity of Egypt that fueled ancient commerce.
ashamedבּוּשׁ
bush · Hebrew Verb
To feel deep disappointment, dishonor, or humiliation, often as a result of loss, defeat, or the exposure of one's failed trust.
strongholdמָעוֹז
ma'oz · Hebrew Noun
A fortified place or refuge, often implying human reliance on walls, military, or geographical barriers for security instead of reliance on God.
reportשֵׁמַע
shema' · Hebrew Noun
A message, news, or account brought to others; frequently used to describe a pronouncement that stirs fear or distress.
anguishחִיל
chil · Hebrew Noun
A state of extreme pain, suffering, or deep internal distress, often characterizing the emotional reaction to catastrophic news.
Cross overעָבַר
abar · Hebrew Verb
In the context of judgment or exile, to pass over or through a territory, often implying a journey into displacement or migration to a foreign land.
Tarshishתַּרְשִׁישׁ
Tarshish · Hebrew Noun
A Phoenician port city often associated with the furthest reaches of the Western Mediterranean; it symbolizes distant, wealthy, and autonomous seafaring centers.
wailיָלַל
yalal · Hebrew Verb
A high-pitched cry of grief or mourning, often associated with divine judgment or impending catastrophe upon a city or nation.
exultantעַלִּיזָה
allizah · Hebrew Adjective
A term describing a state of extreme, often arrogant, joy or triumph; in a negative sense, it refers to the boastful pride of nations that trust in their own success rather than God.
Tyreצֹר
Tsor · Hebrew Noun
A prominent Phoenician city-state known for its immense wealth, maritime trade, and strategic importance in the ancient world.
bestower of crownsמַעֲטִיר
maatir · Hebrew Participle/Verb
One who distributes power, wealth, or royal authority; it reflects Tyre’s influence in shaping the political landscape of surrounding regions through economic power.
The LORD of hostsיְהוָה צְבָאוֹת
Yahweh Tseba'ot · Hebrew Noun phrase
A title for God emphasizing His sovereignty as the commander of the angelic armies and the ruler over all nations, underscoring His ultimate power in history.
defileחָלַל
chalal · Hebrew Verb
To make common, profane, or to strip of sanctity; here, it refers to God bringing low that which once seemed magnificent or set apart.
pompous prideגָּאוֹן
ga'on · Hebrew Noun
An arrogant, boastful, or self-reliant attitude that elevates human accomplishment above the recognition of God’s sovereignty.
daughterבַּת
bath · Hebrew Noun
A metaphor for a nation, city, or the people living within a specific territory; it often implies the city is personified as a woman or daughter under the authority or influence of a parent entity.
the LORDיְהוָה
Yahweh · Hebrew Proper Noun
The personal name of the one true God of Israel, revealing His covenant faithfulness, eternality, and self-existence. It is the name by which He makes Himself known to His people.
Canaanכְּנַעַן
Kena'an · Hebrew Proper Noun
A broad term referring to the land promised to Abraham's descendants, but here used specifically to denote the Phoenician territory—the coastal region associated with idolatry and maritime trade that stood in opposition to God's people.
strongholdsמָעוֹז
ma'oz · Hebrew Noun
Fortified positions or defensive structures. In a biblical context, they often represent human reliance on military power or material defenses that God can easily overcome.
exultעָלַז
'alaz · Hebrew Verb
To rejoice, boast, or triumph. In a negative sense, it refers to the arrogant pride of those who trust in their own success rather than in God.
virginבְּתוּלָה
betulah · Hebrew Noun/Adjective
A term used in prophetic literature to denote a city or nation that has not yet been conquered or violated by foreign armies. Its use here indicates the sudden and inevitable vulnerability of Sidon.
Wailיָלַל
yalal · Hebrew Verb
A Hebrew term for a formal expression of deep sorrow, mourning, or lamentation, often uttered in the face of judgment, disaster, or divine discipline.
prostituteזוֹנָה
zonah · Hebrew Noun
A term often used in the Old Testament to describe one who is unfaithful, particularly in a spiritual sense. It implies selling oneself to idols, foreign alliances, or worldly gains rather than remaining faithful to the Lord.
harpכִּנּוֹר
kinnor · Hebrew Noun
A stringed musical instrument frequently used in the Bible for worship, praise, and in this context, to attract attention or accompany singing. It symbolizes joy, celebration, and spiritual expression.
prostituteזֹונָה
zonah · Hebrew Noun/Participle
A person who engages in illicit sexual activity for payment; metaphorically used in the prophetic books to describe nations or individuals who are unfaithful to God, pursuing worldly gain, or engaging in idolatry.
visitפָּקַד
paqad · Hebrew Verb
The act of God intervening in human history, often for the purpose of judgment or restoration. It implies God's active presence and careful attention to the affairs of nations.
wagesאֶתְנַן
ethnan · Hebrew Noun
A term denoting wealth, profit, or reward earned through labor or trade; in this context, it represents the worldly gain and economic power acquired by Tyre.
merchandiseסַחַר
sachar · Hebrew Noun
Refers to goods acquired for trade or profit. In a theological sense, it often highlights the vanity of worldly wealth and the dependency of nations on commerce.
holyקֹדֶשׁ
qodesh · Hebrew Adjective
That which is set apart for God's exclusive use or sanctified for His purpose. When something mundane is made "holy to the LORD," it signifies God's sovereign authority to claim and repurpose worldly wealth for His kingdom.
hoardedאָצַר
atsar · Hebrew Verb
Refers to the act of setting aside or keeping something in reserve for oneself. In scripture, it is often discouraged, especially regarding wealth, as God desires for His people to be generous and trust in His provision rather than hoarding possessions.
