centurionἑκατοντάρχῃ
hekatontarchē · Greek Noun
A Roman military officer in charge of a hundred soldiers, often representing Roman authority, discipline, and power in the New Testament narrative.
Augustan Cohortσπείρης Σεβαστῆς
speirēs Sebastēs · Greek Noun phrase
A specific military unit in the Roman army, usually consisting of several hundred soldiers, here likely attached to the emperor's service or imperial administration.
prisonersδεσμώτας
desmōtas · Greek Noun
Used here in a legal sense, it refers to those in Roman custody awaiting trial or sentencing, reflecting the social and legal status of someone under the power of the state.
kindlyφιλανθρώπως
philanthrōpōs · Greek Adverb
Derived from Greek roots meaning 'philanthropy' or 'love of mankind,' it describes actions showing benevolence, humaneness, or compassionate care, often displayed here by a Roman official toward a Christian prisoner.
friendsφίλους
philous · Greek Noun
Believers in Jesus who share a common faith and bond in Christ; the word signifies those who have been reconciled to God and therefore stand in a relationship of spiritual kinship and mutual support.
centurionἑκατοντάρχης
hekatontarchēs · Greek Noun
A Roman military officer in charge of a hundred soldiers, representing the authority and presence of the Roman Empire. In the New Testament, centurions are generally depicted as capable and, at times, favorable toward Christianity.
voyageπλόος
ploos · Greek Noun
The act of traveling across the sea; in Scripture, often used to describe missionary journeys or, as seen here, the trials and dangers faced by travelers in the ancient world.
the Fastνηστεία
nēsteia · Greek Noun
A reference to the Day of Atonement (Yom Kippur), the most solemn day in the Jewish calendar. Its mention indicates the late autumn season, a time when Mediterranean sailing became treacherous due to winter storms.
perceiveθεωρῶ
theōrō · Greek Verb
A Greek word meaning to think, conclude, or consider, often based on observation or divine insight. In this context, it highlights Paul's discernment regarding the impending physical danger.
injuryὕβρις
hybris · Greek Noun
Harm, damage, or detriment. Biblically, this term encompasses both physical loss and spiritual or moral injury, pointing to the negative consequences of a reckless course of action.
cargoφόρτος
phortos · Greek Noun
In a general biblical sense, that which is possessed or held; here, it refers to material wealth or earthly goods that are subject to the instability and loss inherent in a fallen world.
centurionἑκατόνταρχος
hekatontarchos · Greek Noun
A Roman military officer in charge of a hundred soldiers, often used in the New Testament to describe officials who interact with Jesus or the apostles in an administrative or security capacity.
pilotκυβερνήτης
kybernētēs · Greek Noun
One who steers a ship; in a metaphorical or leadership sense, it refers to one who provides direction or guidance for a course of action.
spend the winterπαραχειμάζω
paracheimazō · Greek Verb
A state of rest or inactivity, often associated in the Bible with a period of waiting, reflection, or preparation before a new season or divine action.
tempestuousτυφωνικός
typhōnikos · Greek Adjective
A strong, destructive, or violent wind, often used metaphorically in Scripture to describe divine judgment, spiritual trials, or overwhelming crises that threaten human safety and stability.
fearingφόβος
phobos · Greek Noun
A state of extreme distress, terror, or agitation caused by a realization of danger; in Scripture, it often refers to the natural human reaction to being overwhelmed by forces beyond one's control.
tempestχειμών
cheimōn · Greek Noun
A violent, stormy wind, typically involving high winds and heavy seas; in a biblical context, it often serves as a metaphor for divine judgment or the chaotic, uncontrollable nature of the world apart from God's sovereignty.
hopeἐλπίς
elpis · Greek Noun
A confident expectation of good, specifically regarding God's promises and future deliverance. Biblical hope is not a wish, but a firm assurance based on the character of God.
savedσῴζω
sōzō · Greek Verb
The act of being rescued, delivered, or preserved from danger, destruction, or the penalty and power of sin. It implies a transition from a state of peril to a state of safety through divine intervention.
angelἄγγελος
angelos · Greek Noun
An ancient Greek or Hebrew messenger of God, serving as a supernatural intermediary to deliver divine communication, guidance, or judgment to human beings.
Godθεός
theos · Greek Noun
The supreme, self-existent Creator of all things who governs the universe with sovereign authority and grace. He is the exclusive object of worship and the source of all truth and salvation.
worshipλατρεύω
latreuō · Greek Verb
The act of giving divine honor, reverence, and service to God, acknowledging His worthiness, majesty, and lordship over one's life.
faithπιστεύω
pisteuō · Greek Verb
A divinely inspired confidence and total reliance on the person, character, and promises of God, often manifesting as an unwavering assurance in the face of uncertainty.
take heartεὐθυμέω
euthymeō · Greek Verb
A command or exhortation to be of good courage, to be strengthened, or to have confidence despite circumstances, rooted in the awareness of God's presence or promise.
run agroundἐκπίπτω
ekpiptō · Greek Verb
To move or be forced onto the shore or land, often due to a storm or wreck. In Scripture, it can symbolize the termination of a journey, the shattering of human plans, or a divine redirection.
nightνύξ
nyx · Greek Noun
A period of time marking the conclusion of a sequence or the arrival of a critical juncture. In biblical contexts, time is often framed by God's providence, moving events toward their appointed end.
being drivenδιαφέρω
diapherō · Greek Verb
The state of being moved or forced by external power or circumstances. In the New Testament, this often describes being moved by the Spirit or, as here, by chaotic natural forces that demonstrate human frailty against the sovereignty of God.
fathomsὀργυιά
orgyia · Greek Noun
A unit of measurement, roughly six feet, representing the reach of a man's outstretched arms. It is used here to quantify the physical depth, illustrating the sailors' empirical attempt to understand their precarious situation.
fearingφοβέομαι
phobeomai · Greek Verb
An emotional reaction to impending danger, threat, or the awe of God. While this instance refers to natural disaster, the Bible frequently calls believers to fear only God rather than the dangers of the world.
anchorsἄγκυρα
ankyra · Greek Noun
A heavy device used to hold a vessel stationary. Symbolically, it often represents hope—that which secures the soul amidst the storms of life and anchors it to the unchanging nature of God.
prayedεὔχομαι
euchomai · Greek Verb
The act of appealing to the divine for help, intervention, or mercy. It is a fundamental expression of human dependence on God, acknowledging His power over the physical elements and human circumstances.
escapeφυγή
phygē · Greek Verb
The attempt to flee or avoid a difficult situation or impending judgment. In this context, it reflects human desperation and lack of faith, contrasting with the endurance required by God's promise.
pretenseπρόφασις
prophasis · Greek Noun
A deceptive action or false appearance used to conceal one's true intentions. Scripture consistently warns against such behavior, emphasizing that God, who sees the heart, is not fooled by human hypocrisy.
savedσῴζω
sōzō · Greek Verb
Used frequently in the New Testament to denote physical rescue from danger, deliverance from temporal enemies, and ultimately spiritual salvation through faith in Jesus Christ. In this context, it refers to preservation from physical death in the storm.
suspenseπροσδοκάω
prosdokia · Greek Noun
The state of being mentally or emotionally anxious, uncertain, or waiting in expectation for an outcome. In biblical contexts, it often relates to the vulnerability of those facing circumstances beyond their control.
foodτροφή
trophē · Greek Noun
A collective term for sustenance or a meal. In Scripture, food is often viewed as a gracious provision from God, and the act of eating is frequently associated with fellowship, strengthening, and covenant community.
strengthσωτηρία
sōtēria · Greek Noun
Physical or moral vigor. In the Bible, it is often tied to the sustaining power of God, who provides the necessary energy for His servants to complete the tasks He has set before them.
hairθρίξ
thrix · Greek Noun
A synecdoche used to describe the absolute preservation of a person's life or integrity. It emphasizes the exhaustive and detailed care of God over His people, even in the midst of extreme peril.
breadἄρτος
artos · Greek Noun
The basic staple of life in the Ancient Near East and the Greco-Roman world. It holds deep theological significance, often representing God's provision and, in the New Testament, becoming a central symbol of Christ’s body and the communal meal of the church.
giving thanksεὐχαριστέω
eucharisteō · Greek Verb
The act of expressing gratitude to God for His character, works, and provision. Biblically, this is a posture of recognition that all things come from the Creator's hand, often performed as an act of public witness.
encouragedεὐθυμος
euthymos · Greek Adjective
A state of mind characterized by confidence, hope, and courage, often divinely inspired or bolstered by the presence and promises of God. It implies a restoration of spirit in the face of despair or danger.
shipπλοῖον
ploion · Greek Noun
In the context of ancient maritime travel, a vessel used for transporting people, cargo, and grain; biblically, it often serves as a setting for God's providential care and sovereignty over both nature and human crises.
wheatσῖτος
sitos · Greek Noun
A cereal grain, which in this context represents cargo or wealth; throwing it overboard symbolizes the sacrifice of earthly provisions in order to prioritize the preservation of life in a crisis.
anchorsἄγκυρα
ankyra · Greek Noun
Heavy iron or stone devices used to secure a ship to the seafloor; symbolically, they represent security, stability, and holding fast, but their abandonment signifies a total relinquishment of control to God's providence during a storm.
ruddersπηδάλιον
pēdalion · Greek Noun (plural)
The steering apparatus of a ship; controlling the rudder represents human direction, wisdom, and the attempt to steer one's course through the challenges of life, which must sometimes be surrendered to the prevailing winds of God's will.
prisonersδέσμιος
desmios · Greek Noun
A person legally deprived of their liberty, usually as a punishment for a crime or as a prisoner of war. In this context, it refers to those under Roman custody.
centurionἑκατοντάρχης
hekatontarchēs · Greek Noun
A Roman military officer in charge of a century (nominally 100 soldiers). Centurions are frequently depicted in the New Testament as disciplined, authoritative, and often fair-minded men.
saveσῴζω
sōzō · Greek Verb
The act of rescuing or delivering from danger, destruction, or judgment. Biblically, it refers to both physical deliverance and the ultimate spiritual salvation from sin and death through Christ.
brought safelyδιασῴζω
diasōzō · Greek Verb
A state of being rescued, brought through danger, or preserved from harm. It implies the successful conclusion of a precarious situation or transition to safety.
