apostlesἀπόστολος
apostolos · Greek Noun
Refers to the twelve chosen messengers of Jesus and, more broadly, those commissioned by the resurrected Christ to carry the gospel to the world; it signifies an official witness and authoritative representative of Christ.
Gentilesἔθνος
ethnos · Greek Noun
In the New Testament, this refers to those outside the covenant community of Israel. It denotes all peoples who are not ethnic Jews and, by extension, those who do not yet know the true God.
word of Godλόγος
logos tou Theou · Greek Noun
Refers to the message of salvation, the gospel of Jesus Christ, or the revealed truth of God. It is the divine communication that carries the power of the Holy Spirit to bring about repentance and faith.
circumcision partyπεριτομή
peritomē · Greek Noun
The physical sign of the covenant God made with Abraham, representing the separation of Israel unto the Lord; in this context, it refers to the Jewish believers who insisted that Gentile converts must observe Mosaic rituals.
criticizedδιακρίνω
diakrinō · Greek Verb
To find fault or express strong disapproval. In a biblical context, it often refers to judging the actions or motives of others, sometimes in a spirit of controversy or opposition to perceived departures from tradition.
uncircumcisedἀκροβυστία
akrobystia · Greek Adjective
Refers to the act of removing the foreskin, an essential ritual of the Old Covenant. Those identified as "uncircumcised" were ceremonially unclean to the Jewish mind and separated from the covenant promises.
ate with themσυνεσθίω
sunesthiō · Greek Verb
Communing with others over a meal, which in the ancient Near Eastern and Mediterranean world signified friendship, covenant relationship, and social equality. Eating with someone effectively marked them as a peer and fellow participant in the same community.
tranceἔκστασις
ekstasis · Greek Noun
An intense spiritual experience where one's physical senses are suspended so that God may reveal spiritual realities. It is a vehicle for divine revelation, often preceding a significant change in the understanding or ministry of the believer.
visionὅραμα
horama · Greek Noun
A supernatural manifestation where God makes his will, truth, or future events known to a person. It is a distinct mode of revelation used by God throughout Scripture to guide His people and authorize new directions in His redemptive plan.
animalsτετράποδα
tetrapoda · Greek Noun
A general term for living creatures, often used in Scripture to distinguish animal life from human life, though sometimes including both in the context of creation.
beasts of preyθηρία
thēria · Greek Noun
Refers to wild, untamed creatures, often associated with danger or that which is outside human control in the created order.
reptilesἑρπετά
herpeta · Greek Noun
Refers to crawling creatures, often categorized in Old Testament law as ceremonially unclean.
LordΚύριε
Kyrie · Greek Noun
A title of absolute authority, master, or owner; in the New Testament, it is frequently used to address Jesus Christ, acknowledging His sovereign lordship over creation and the believer's life.
commonκοινός
koinos · Greek Adjective
In a ceremonial or religious context, this describes something ordinary, secular, or ritually defiled, often contrasted with that which is holy or set apart for God's use.
uncleanἀκάθαρτος
akathartos · Greek Adjective
Refers to that which is ritually impure or defiled, rendering a person or object unfit for holy service or entering the presence of God according to the ceremonial law.
heavenοὐρανός
ouranos · Greek Noun
Refers to the dwelling place of God and the spiritual realm beyond the visible sky; it is the throne of God's authority and the source of divine revelation.
cleanκαθαρίζω
katharizō · Greek Verb
To be in a state of purity or moral/ceremonial fitness, set apart by God’s declaration or action to be acceptable for His use.
SpiritΠνεῦμα
Pneuma · Greek Noun
The third person of the Trinity, who indwells, guides, empowers, and sanctifies believers. In the New Testament, He is the active agent in applying the work of redemption and manifesting God's presence among His people.
angelἄγγελος
angelos · Greek Noun
A celestial messenger sent by God to perform tasks, deliver messages, or execute judgment. They are created spiritual beings who worship God and serve His purposes on behalf of humanity.
savedσῴζω
sōzō · Greek Verb
The fundamental act of divine deliverance from sin, judgment, and eternal separation from God. It is achieved through faith in the death and resurrection of Jesus Christ and is received as a gift of grace, not earned by human merit.
Holy SpiritΠνεῦμα Ἅγιον
Pneuma Hagion · Greek Noun
The distinct third person of the Trinity, equal in power and glory with the Father and the Son. He is the Comforter and Advocate sent by Christ to indwell believers, testifying to the truth of the gospel and empowering the church for witness and holiness.
baptizedβαπτίζω
baptizō · Greek Verb
A religious rite involving immersion or washing, symbolizing purification, repentance, or identification with a teacher or movement. In the New Testament, it signifies the believer's identification with Christ in His death and resurrection.
Holy Spiritπνεῦμα ἅγιον
pneuma hagion · Greek Noun phrase
The third person of the Trinity, the active agent of God in the world, who indwells believers, empowers the church, convicts of sin, and applies the work of salvation.
giftδωρεάν
dōrean · Greek Noun
A free, unmerited favor or enablement bestowed by God upon individuals for the purpose of ministry, salvation, or the edification of the body of Christ.
believedπιστεύω
pisteuō · Greek Verb
To place one's full trust, reliance, and commitment in the person and work of Jesus Christ for salvation. Biblical faith is not merely intellectual assent but an active, life-changing surrender to God.
glorifiedδοξάζω
doxazō · Greek Verb
To praise or honor God, acknowledging His greatness, attributes, and sovereign actions in history. It is the appropriate human response to recognizing God's work.
Gentilesἔθνος
ethnos · Greek Noun
All people who are not of Jewish descent or heritage. In the context of the early church, it refers to those outside the covenant community of Israel whom God now invites into His grace through Christ.
repentanceμετάνοια
metanoia · Greek Noun
A radical change of mind and heart regarding sin and God. It involves turning away from sin and turning toward God in faith, resulting in a transformation of life.
lifeζωή
zōē · Greek Noun
A state of existence characterized by union with God through Christ, both now and eternally. It is the objective of the gospel and the consequence of true faith.
