2 Samuel 20:23
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Notice how the verse doesn't just list Joab's authority, but specifies he's over all the army of Israel. This isn't just a promotion; it's a clear signal of his supreme military power at this moment, even as Benaiah commands a select, loyal guard force.
Now Joab was in command of all the army of Israel; and Benaiah the son of Jehoiada was in command of the Cherethites and the Pelethites;
English Standard Version (ESV)
This verse appears right after a rebellion led by a Benjamite named Sheba has been crushed, and David's kingdom is back in relative order. It’s a snapshot of how David’s government is structured, detailing the key military leaders in place after the recent unrest, with a focus on consolidating power and maintaining security. This setup serves as a backdrop for the events and challenges David will continue to face as king.
David's reign was marked by epic battles and grand pronouncements, but who were the men holding the reins of power? This verse introduces us to two key figures.
Joab: The Master Tactician
Joab was David's nephew and his most trusted, albeit sometimes ruthless, military leader. He was instrumental in many of David's victories and held immense influence. His position meant he oversaw the entire army of Israel, from the common soldier to elite units.
Benaiah: The Elite Guard
Benaiah, on the other hand, commanded the Cherethites and the Pelethites. These were David's personal bodyguards, an elite mercenary force. They were fiercely loyal to David, serving as his security detail and often undertaking the most dangerous missions. Their presence highlights the importance David placed on personal protection and the confidence he had in Benaiah's leadership.
Beyond the king, power was distributed. Understanding these roles helps us grasp the stability (and sometimes the instability) of the kingdom.
A Hierarchy of Command
This verse reveals a clear military hierarchy. Joab, as commander of all the army, represents the overarching military strategy and national defense. Benaiah's command of the Cherethites and Pelethites shows a specialized unit focused on the king's person and immediate security. This wasn't just about manpower; it was about distinct responsibilities.
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The King's Right Hand
These men were more than just soldiers; they were David's confidants and enforcers. Their positions weren't just about military might but also about political influence. Joab's authority was broad, while Benaiah's was intense and personal to the king. Such structures were crucial for maintaining order and executing the king's will throughout the kingdom.
Understand the original words
Kereti u-Pelethi · Hebrew Noun
Foreign mercenaries who served as David's personal bodyguard; their presence highlights the international dimension and professional nature of David’s administration.
This verse highlights the established military structure and key leadership under David, particularly during the intense crisis of Absalom's rebellion, showcasing the men responsible for maintaining order.
c. 1010 BC
David Anointed King
David is anointed king, first over Judah and later over all Israel, ushering in a unified monarchy.
c. 1003 BC
David Establishes Jerusalem
David captures Jerusalem from the Jebusites and makes it the capital of Israel, a strategic and symbolic move.
c. 1000 BC
David's Mighty Men Serve
David's elite warriors, including Benaiah, prove instrumental in securing his reign and expanding his kingdom.
c. 992 BC— this verse
Absalom's Rebellion
Absalom, David's son, leads a major rebellion against David, plunging the kingdom into civil war and chaos.
c. 992 BC
Joab Leads Royal Army
Joab, a seasoned commander, leads David's forces against Absalom's rebellion, demonstrating his authority over the military.
c. 992 BC
Benaiah Commands Elite Guard
Benaiah, a trusted warrior, commands the Cherethites and Pelethites, David's personal bodyguard and a formidable fighting unit.
This passage shows David asking for God's guidance when facing military threats, highlighting the importance of divine leadership over human command structures.
2 Samuel 8:15-18This section details David's administration of his kingdom, listing key officials and their roles, similar to how 2 Samuel 20:23 outlines Joab's and Benaiah's commands.
1 Kings 1:38Here, Benaiah the son of Jehoiada plays a crucial role in anointing Solomon king, demonstrating his continued loyalty and significant position within the military leadership under a new reign.
1 Chronicles 18:14-17This parallel account provides another list of David's officials, including Joab as commander of the army, reinforcing the established structure of his military and administrative leadership.
Notice how the verse doesn't just list Joab's authority, but specifies he's over all the army of Israel. This isn't just a promotion; it's a clear signal of his supreme military power at this moment, even as Benaiah commands a select, loyal guard force.
This verse appears right after a rebellion led by a Benjamite named Sheba has been crushed, and David's kingdom is back in relative order. It’s a snapshot of how David’s government is structured, detailing the key military leaders in place after the recent unrest, with a focus on consolidating power and maintaining security. This setup serves as a backdrop for the events and challenges David will continue to face as king.
This verse appears right after a rebellion led by a Benjamite named Sheba has been crushed, and David's kingdom is back in relative order. It’s a snapshot of how David’s government is structured, detailing the key military leaders in place after the recent unrest, with a focus on consolidating power and maintaining security. This setup serves as a backdrop for the events and challenges David will continue to face as king.
"Now Joab was in command of all the army of Israel; and Benaiah the son of Jehoiada was in command of the Cherethites and the Pelethites;" — Notice how the verse doesn't just list Joab's authority, but specifies he's over all the army of Israel. This isn't just a promotion; it's a clear signal of his supreme military power at this momen…
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Last reviewed October 2026
